Development of Marinesnow Analyzing System by using Digital Camera

数码相机Marinesnow分析系统的开发

• 批准号: 11558065
• 负责人: KOIKE Isao
• 金额: $ 5.38万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11558065/
• 关键词: marine snow; large sinking particles; digital camera; white LED light source; deep sea; food webs; cycling of bioelements; 有機アグリゲート; 沈降粒子; LCDランプ; 外洋; 大型沈降粒子; 白色LED

Marine snow is defined as visible marine aggregates (size range more than 0.5mm in diameter) and has been recognized as an important role in the transfer of organic carbon in the upper ocean into deep sea basin through aggregating numerous small organic debris into large size enough for sinking. At the same time, marine snow supplies organic materials to deep-sea organisms as a basis of the food webs. There have been many attempts to apply video-camera or steal-camera for the study of marine snow in various institutions. Those attempts, however, have been hampered by tedious treatment of obtained huge data of pictures. In this study, by taking the advantage of recent advancement of digital camera and other technologies, we developed compact marine snow camera system, which can use down to 6000m depth. The system is composed of light source, digital camera, and data processing portion and all together are assembled into compact flame together with a buttery case. For the light source, we tried to apply white LED light source at the first time deep sea instruments, since buttery consumption of the LED light source is far less than conventional strobe-light. By compiling more than 1000 of single light sources into a flat panel, enough amount of light intensity for photograph of marine snow was obtained. The light panel was arranged to be 90 degree for the camera to get parallel light source. The instrument can accommodate some 250 pictures at the one trip, which is enough to picture 1-5m interval depths at the major thermocline depth (200-800m layers). This system uses the wire-winch on board of research vessel, and collected the data in the memory within the system. After recovery the system on board, the picture data is transferred into data processing system within 30 minutes. In future, real time transfer of data from the system through an armored cable during deploy of the system is possible.

海洋雪被定义为可见的海洋团聚体（粒径范围大于0.5mm），它通过聚集大量的小有机碎屑形成足够下沉的大尺寸，在上层海洋有机碳向深海盆地转移中起着重要作用。同时，海洋雪为深海生物提供有机物质，作为食物网的基础。在各种机构中，应用摄像机或窃听器进行海洋雪的研究已经进行了多次尝试。然而，这些尝试一直受到对获得的大量图片数据的繁琐处理的阻碍。在这项研究中，我们利用数码相机和其他技术的最新进展，开发了紧凑型海洋雪相机系统，可以使用到6000m的深度。该系统由光源、数码相机和数据处理部分组成，并与一个电池外壳一起组装成紧凑的火焰。在光源方面，我们第一次尝试在深海仪器中使用白光LED光源，因为LED光源的电池消耗远远小于传统的频闪灯。通过将1000多个单一光源汇编到一个平板上，获得了足够拍摄海洋雪的光强。光板布置成90度，以便相机获得平行光源。该仪器一次行程可容纳约250张图片，足以在主要温跃层深度（200-800米层）绘制1-5m的间隔深度。该系统利用科考船上的绞车，采集系统内存储器中的数据。系统在船上恢复后，30分钟内将图像数据传输到数据处理系统。未来，在系统部署期间，通过装甲电缆从系统实时传输数据是可能的。