The Research on Influences on Politics, Socio-economy, and National Security of the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone from the United States to the Republic of Panama

巴拿马运河和美国在运河地区的军事基地于1999年12月31日从美国归还给巴拿马共和国。然而，巴拿马共和国仍然面临着一些问题，如运河的管理问题，包括运河的安全通过、处理因美军基地撤离而产生的失业问题、克服严重的经济衰退、维护国内安全和加强国家安全。莫斯科政府采取了几项重要措施，如归还运河和撤出美军基地。然而，政府与美国建立合作关系的努力到目前为止并不一定成功。由于运河和运河地区的回归，共和国周围的局势在以下事实方面并不一定令人印象深刻：政府更迭造成的政治混乱，美国Mi…撤军导致的国内安全恶化更重要的是，由于“基地受益经济”的消失、中南美洲地区严重衰退的不可避免的影响以及哥伦比亚边境游击队的活跃，失业率稳步上升。综上所述，前美军基地的再开发能否在未来几年取得成功，不可避免地会影响巴拿马的国内安全和运河的安全通过。在这方面，巴拿马共和国作为中美洲的经济中心，对中美洲经济起着至关重要的作用。特别是，运河一直是世界交通的大动脉。因此，运河的安全通过对我们的经济也是一个重要的问题，特别是考虑到日本对运河的使用仅次于美国。1999年进行的第一项研究不仅考察了回归带来的国内政治形势和社会经济影响，而且分析了未来几年运河安全通过和运河地区包括前美国军事基地在内的再开发规划。第二项研究是在2000年进行的，考察了确保运河安全通过的各种前提条件，分析了运河的政治、经济、社会以及国家和国际安全方面的形势和问题，并对日本的国际合作方式进行了思考。鉴于再开发的意义，本研究还对菲律宾前美军基地的再开发进行了个案研究。这项研究不仅在巴拿马进行，而且在美国和联合国也进行了。较少

The Panama Canal and the United States military base on the Canal Zone was returned from the U.S.to the Republic of Panama on December 31, 1999. The Republic of Panama is nevertheless faced with a number of problems such as those managing the Canal including its safe passage, coping with unemployment issue derived from the withdrawal of U.S.base, overcoming serious economic recession, maintaining domestic security and strengthening national security. The Moscos Administration undertook several important measures such as the returning of the Canal and the withdrawal of U.S.military base. The administration's effort toward constructing cooperative relations with the U.S.is however not necessarily successful to date.Since the returning of the Canal and Canal Zone, situations surrounding the Republic is not necessarily impressive in terms of the following facts : political confusion resulted from the change of administration, aggravation of domestic security by the withdrawal of the U.S.Mi … More litary , steady increase of unemployment because of the disappearance of "the base-benefiting-economy", unavoidable influence from serious recession in Central and South America region, and active activities of Colombian guerrillas on the border.Above all, whether the redevelopment of the former U.S.military base would succeed in the years to come may unavoidably influence on the domestic security of Panama, and safe passage in the Canal as well. In this connection, the Republic of Panama plays a vital role for Central American economy as an economic center in Central America. Especially, the Canal has been a main artery for world traffic. The safe passage in the Canal is therefore an important issue for our economy as well, especially in light of the fact that Japanese use of the Canal represents the second only next to the U.S.The first research conducted in the year of 1999 examined not only domestic political situation and socio-economic influences to be stemmed from the returning, but also analyzed safe passage in the Canal in the years to come and re-development planning of the Canal Zone including the former U.S.military bases. The second research made in the year of 2000, examining a variety of preconditions required for assuring safe passage of the Canal, analyzes situations aud problems on its politics, economy, society, and national and international security, and considers the way of Japanese international cooperation. The research, in light of the significance of re-development, also made a case study on the re-development of the former U.S.military bases in the Republic of the Philippines. The research was conducted not only in Panama, but also in the United States and the United Nations as well. Less