Systematic studies of Aristolochia sensu lato

马兜铃的系统研究

• 批准号: 12440240
• 负责人: MURATA Jin
• 金额: $ 9.92万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12440240/
• 关键词: Aristolochiaceae; shoot organization; systematics; molecular phylogeny; evolution; ウマノスズクサ; Aristolochia; 染色体; Pararistolochia; DNA; 系統; matK

Morphological and molecular phylogenetic examinations were made to establish a phylogenetic systematics of the genus Aristolochia sensu lato, including Pararistolochia. Herbarium specimens were examined in representative herbaria in Japan and also in Kew and Edinburgh Botanic Gardens. Living specimens, accumulated and maintained in the Botanical Gardens, University of Tokyo and in Setsunan University were used for chromosome observation and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Chromosome numbers were newly determined for 25 species, which suggests that 2n = 32 is specific to subgen. Siphisia. As 2n = 16 was found in some species placed in the basal clade, 2n = 32 is considered to be tetraploid based on x = 8. Subgen. Aristolochia consists of two subgroups with 2n =12 and 14, respectively. The nucreotide sequences of the matK gene on the chloroplast DNA were analyzed with an autosequencer afrter amplified with PCR. A phylogenetic tree for 57 species of the genus was constracted on the bases of the sequence data of the matK gene. The configulation of the tree was in accordance with current system of Aristolochia by Gonzalez (1999). Pararistolochia appeared to be a sister group of subgen. Aristolochia. To analyze specific diversity of A. kaempferi complex in Japan and Taiwan, haplotype and phylogenetic analysis usisng matK gene sequence were also made on various samples of the complex. Haplotypes were recognized to be differentiated regionally and A. kaempferi, distributed widely in central and western Japan, were found not to be monophyletic.

通过形态学和分子系统学的研究，建立了广马兜铃属（包括马兜铃）的系统发育分类学。在日本的代表性标本馆，也在基尤和爱丁堡植物园的标本进行了检查。收集并保存在植物园、东京大学和Setsunan大学的活体标本用于染色体观察和分子系统发育分析。25个种的染色体数目是新测定的，表明2n = 32是亚属特有的。西菲西亚由于2n = 16存在于一些位于基部分支的物种中，2n = 32被认为是基于x = 8的四倍体。亚属马兜铃属植物包括两个亚组，2n分别为12和14。用PCR扩增出叶绿体DNA上的matK基因，用自动测序仪分析其核苷酸序列。根据matK基因的序列数据，构建了该属57个种的系统发育树。该树的分类与Gonzalez（1999）的马兜铃属现行分类系统一致。马兜铃似乎是一个姐妹群的亚属。马兜铃分析A.日本和台湾的日本山奈复合体，并利用matK基因序列对该复合体的不同样品进行了单倍型和系统发育分析。单倍型被认为是区域性的，A。广泛分布于日本中部和西部的山奈属植物不是单系的。

项目成果

Murata J., Ohi I., Wu S.G., Darnaedi D., Sugawara T., Nakanishi T., Murata H.: "Molecular phylogeny of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) inferred from matK sequences"Acta Phytotax. Geobot.. 52. 75-83 (2001)

Murata J.、Ohi I.、Wu S.G.、Darnaedi D.、Sugara T.、Nakanishi T.、Murata H.：“从 matK 序列推断马兜铃属（马兜铃科）的分子系统发育”Acta Phytotax。

Murata J. , eds. by Iwatsuki et al: "Aristolochia In Flora of Japan IIa"Kodansha LTD.. (2003)

村田 J.，编辑。

Murata, Jin: "Aristolochia in (Iwatsuki, K. et al. ed.) Flora of Japan lla"Kodansha (in press). (2003)

Murata, Jin：《日本植物志 lla》中的马兜铃（Iwatsuki，K. 等编辑）讲谈社（出版中）。

Murata J.: "Iwatsuki K. et al. (eds.) Flora of Japan IIa"Kodansha, LTD.(印刷中). (2003)

Murata J.：“Iwatsuki K. et al.（编辑）Flora of Japan IIa”讲谈社（2003 年出版）。

Murata J., Ohi T., Wu S.G., Darnaedi D., Sugawara T., Nakanishi T., Murata H.: "Molecular phylogeny of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) inferred from matK sequences"Acta Phytotax. Geobot.. 52. 75-83 (2001)

Murata J.、Ohi T.、Wu S.G.、Darnaedi D.、Sukawara T.、Nakanishi T.、Murata H.：“从 matK 序列推断马兜铃属（马兜铃科）的分子系统发育”Acta Phytotax。