Evaluation of Dynamic Response Analysis Comparing with Actual Behavior of Concrete Bridge Damaged by Earthquake

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Many reinforced concrete bridges were severely damaged by the Hyogo-ken-nanbu Earthquake. However, there were also some bridges that suffered almost no damage. It is important to analyze both these bridges using the same analytical tools and to evaluate the differences in the simulated and observed damage. The purpose of this study is to verify the analytical tool by comparing between actual behavior and simulated one.The following studies were conducted in this research:(1) The seismic wave at the locations of damaged concrete bridge piers at Sanyo Shinkansen under the Hyogo-ken-nanbu Earthquake obtained using the fault model was developed. Three dimensional input ground motion was calculated in the basis of the soil characteristics using the developed seismic wave.(2) Three dimensional nonlinear dynamic analysis was conducted using the calculated ground motion at nine damaged bridges and two non-damaged ones in Sanyo Shinkansen. In modeling these bridges, beam/column elements defined by the inplane theory were used to represent the reinforced concrete piers and three dimensional solid elastic elements represent the reinforced concrete slabs. It is assumed that the slabs are not damaged during the earthquake. The shear capacity of the pier was calculated based on the empirical equation. The failure analysis was performed by comparing the response shear force and capacity at each time step. As a result, it is clear that the response shear forces of the piers are a little larger than the shear capacities at all of the damaged bridges.(3) There are three kinds of uncertainty to conduct the seismic response analysis of concrete structures; the ground motion, modeling of structures and analytical tools. From this research it is found that three dimensional nonlinear response analysis using the input data of three dimensional ground motion at the location of the structure is necessary to predict the behavior under severe earthquake.