Environment and its Conservation of Bog Mire -On Sarobetsu Mire-

日本80%的沼泽地位于北海道，那里生长着稀有的植物和动物。第二次世界大战后，随着农业、工业和人类生活的发展，沼泽已经大大减少。泥炭生态的主要本质是由于灌溉造成的干涸和人类活动导致的废物流入。本研究揭示了地下水水质的形成机制，以及非点状矿物土壤的入侵过程，并对人类活动对泥炭生态的影响进行了评估。此外，我们还建造了一座人工沟坝(或NC坝)，并研究了它所带来的影响。从2000年到2001年，我们进行了多方面的研究，使Sarobetsu成为我们的研究对象。在环保局指定的特定区域，我们研究并证明了泥炭沼泽残存的泥炭土地区和不再泥沼的萨萨地区的水质、土壤质量和植被状况有很大的不同。通过近一年的人工沟坝(或NC坝)试验，证实了人工沟坝(或NC坝)通过灌水，改善了泥炭藓生长的水质，使其枯萎。我们还证明了植物生长恢复了。结果表明，推广这种灌水法对恢复沼泽环境是有效的。有必要在更多的地方对该方法进行研究，并从理论上分析植被恢复。

80 % of mire area of Japan exists in Hokkaido where rare plants grow and animals live. After World War II, the mire has been extremely diminished by developing for agriculture, industry and human living. It's primary nature of ecology is perishing by dryness attributed to irrigation and to inflow of waste by human activities.In this study, we showed the formation mechanism of the quality of ground water, and invading process of non-point mineral soil and estimated the influence of human activities on ecology of mire. Furthermore, we constructed an artificial ditch dam (or NC dam) and studied the effects it will bring about. We researched in various aspects from 2000 to 2001, making Sarobetsu mire our researching object. In specific consecrated area of Environmental Agency, we studied and proved that water quality and soil quality as well as vegetation are quite different in Sphagnum area where the state of bog mire remains, and Sasa area where is no more mire. By the artificial ditch dam (or NC dam) experiments for nearly a year, we confirmed that by filling with water, water quality improved for Sphagnum to grow and that Sasa withered out. We also proved that vegitation recovered. It is found that extending this filling-water method is effective to recover the environment of mire. It is necessity to research this method in more places and analyze vegitation recovery theoretically.