Environment and its Conservation of Bog Mire -On Sarobetsu Mire-

北海道是日本沼泽面积的80%，这里生长着珍稀植物和动物。第二次世界大战后，由于农业、工业和人类生活的发展，沼泽急剧减少。由于灌溉造成的干旱和人类活动造成的废物流入，它的主要生态性质正在消失。研究揭示了地下水水质的形成机制和非点状矿质土的入侵过程，并评价了人类活动对沼泽生态的影响。此外，我们还建造了一个人工沟坝（或NC坝），并研究了它所带来的影响。从2000年到2001年，我们在各个方面进行了研究，以萨罗别苏沼泽为研究对象。在特定的环境局指定区域，我们研究并证明了泥炭区和莎莎区在水质、土壤质量和植被方面存在较大的差异，泥炭区仍处于泥沼状态，莎莎区不再处于泥沼状态。通过近一年的人工沟坝（或NC坝）试验，证实了加水后水质改善，有利于泥鳅的生长，莎草枯死。我们还证明植被恢复了。结果表明，推广这种充水方法对恢复沼泽环境是有效的。有必要在更多的地方对该方法进行研究，并对植被恢复进行理论分析。

80 % of mire area of Japan exists in Hokkaido where rare plants grow and animals live. After World War II, the mire has been extremely diminished by developing for agriculture, industry and human living. It's primary nature of ecology is perishing by dryness attributed to irrigation and to inflow of waste by human activities.In this study, we showed the formation mechanism of the quality of ground water, and invading process of non-point mineral soil and estimated the influence of human activities on ecology of mire. Furthermore, we constructed an artificial ditch dam (or NC dam) and studied the effects it will bring about. We researched in various aspects from 2000 to 2001, making Sarobetsu mire our researching object. In specific consecrated area of Environmental Agency, we studied and proved that water quality and soil quality as well as vegetation are quite different in Sphagnum area where the state of bog mire remains, and Sasa area where is no more mire. By the artificial ditch dam (or NC dam) experiments for nearly a year, we confirmed that by filling with water, water quality improved for Sphagnum to grow and that Sasa withered out. We also proved that vegitation recovered. It is found that extending this filling-water method is effective to recover the environment of mire. It is necessity to research this method in more places and analyze vegitation recovery theoretically.