Stand dynamics of a tropical rain forest and its responses to climate changes during the last two decades in Sumatara

苏门答腊热带雨林林分动态及其对过去二十年气候变化的响应

基本信息

批准号：
12575006
负责人：
YONEDA Tsuyoshi
金额：
$ 3.46万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University (2002-2003)Osaka Kyoiku University (2000-2001)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We could show floristic traits and stand dynamics of a tropical rain forest in Central Sumatra by basing on long-term field observation over the last decades. Forty species of Fagaceae could be observed in west faced slopes of the Barisan Mountains in West Sumatra Province. High species diversity and high dominance in basal area of Fagaceae over Dipterocarpaceae were notable characteristics in vegetation of a hill forest in this area particularly. We could discuss the dominance to be caused not only by natural factors such as climate, soils and geographical factors but also by recent human impacts.The growth rates of basal area of a hill rain forest stand decreased at the last ten years in comparison with one during the former ten years. This was resulted from lower growth rates and higher mortality of a big trees in the last ten years. This phenomenon could be observed at other forest stands in this area synchronously. We discuss impacts of frequent occurrence of abnormal dry weather on these forest trees. We could make clear the time trends of horizontal distribution pattern of canopy-gaps. Basing on this observation, we could estimate the turnover time of forest canopy to be 45 years in a hill rain forest. Recent high mortality of canopy trees caused to increase dominance of tree species with softer wood and higher growth rates in a mature and secondary forest also.

我们可以通过在过去几十年的长期野外观察基础上展现苏门答腊中部热带雨林的植物特征和动态。在西苏门答腊省的Barisan山的西面向山坡上，可以观察到四十种fagaceae。在二甲状腺科的Fagaceae基底区域中，高物种多样性和高占优势是该地区山丘森林的植被中的显着特征。我们可以讨论不仅由天然因素（例如气候，土壤和地理因素）引起的主导地位，而且还由最近的人类影响。与过去十年相比，过去十年中，山雨林林的基础面积的增长率下降了。这是由于过去十年中大树的生长速度较低和较高的死亡率所致。可以同步在该区域的其他森林中观察到这种现象。我们讨论了这些森林树木频繁发生异常的干燥天气的影响。我们可以清楚地表明冠层间隙水平分布模式的时间趋势。根据这一观察结果，我们可以估计森林树冠的周转时间为45年，在山上雨林中。冠层树的最近高死亡率也导致木材较柔软的树种的优势和成熟森林的较高生长速率。