Phylogenetic analyses of evolution and diversity of plant parasitic basidiomycete fungi and their control

植物寄生担子菌进化和多样性的系统发育分析及其防治

• 批准号: 13460019
• 负责人: KAKISHIMA Makoto
• 金额: $ 7.87万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13460019/
• 关键词: Rust fund; Smut fungi; Exobasidium; Taxonomy; Ecology; Phylogeny; Basidiomycota; Control

Plant parasitic basidiomycete fungi such as rust and smut fungi are important pathogens of plants. These fungi are characteristic in spore morphology and life cycles. However, their evolution and phylogenetic relationships have been unknown. Therefore, morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analysis were carried out to clarify evolutional aspects of these fungi. The outline of the research results is as follows : (1)Two distinct Puccinia species were recognized based on morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analysis of specimens on sugarcane collected in the world. (2) Life cycles and host plants of Uromyces species on legume plants were clarified with ecological observations and inoculation experiments. Taxonomic reconsideration was suggested by morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of these fungi. (3) Life cycle diversity of Puccinia species on composite was clarified based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. (4) Taxonomy of Phragmidium species on roses was revised based on morphological analysis of specimens collected in the world. (5) Taxonomy of Exobasidium species on Ericaceae and Symplocaceae was evaluated by morphological observations, cultural characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis. (6) Phylogenetic positions and evolutional aspects of Blastospora species on Cupressaceae was investigated by its morphology, nuclear cycle, host-alternation and molecular analysis. (7) Life cycle evolution of Chrysomyxa species on Tsuga was clarified by inoculation experiments and morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. (8) Phylogenetic relationships of Melampsora species on poplars were investigated. (9) Diversity of nuclear cycles of rust fungi and their implications to evolutional aspects was discussed

植物寄生真菌如锈菌、黑穗病菌等是重要的植物病原菌。这些真菌在孢子形态和生活史上具有特征。然而，它们的进化和系统发育关系一直是未知的。因此，我们进行了形态学观察和分子系统发育分析，以阐明这些真菌的进化方面。主要研究结果如下：（1）通过对世界各地甘蔗叶锈菌的形态观察和分子系统学分析，将甘蔗叶锈菌分为两个不同的种。(2)通过生态观察和接种试验，阐明了豆科植物单胞锈菌的生活史和寄主植物。形态学和分子系统发育分析表明，这些真菌的分类重新考虑。(3)通过形态学和分子系统学分析，阐明了复合材料上柄锈菌生活史的多样性。(4)通过对世界各地玫瑰花上的Phragmidium种的形态学分析，对Phragmidium种的分类进行了修订。(5)通过形态学观察、培养特征和分子系统学分析，对杜鹃花科和山矾科的外担子属进行了分类学研究。(6)通过形态学、细胞核周期、寄主更替和分子生物学分析，对柏科芽囊霉属（Blastospora）种的系统发育位置和进化进行了研究。(7)通过接种实验、形态学和分子系统学分析，阐明了铁杉上的拟黏虫属生活史演化。(8)对杨树上栅锈菌属的系统发育关系进行了研究。(9)讨论了锈菌核循环的多样性及其在进化方面的意义

项目成果

Ono, Y.: "Does Puccinia hemerocallidis regularly host-alternate between hemerocallis and Patrinia plants in Japan?"Journal of General Plant Pathology. 69. 240-243 (2003)

Ono, Y.：“在日本，萱草柄锈菌是否经常在萱草属和败酱属植物之间交替寄主？”《普通植物病理学杂志》。

Virtudazo, E. V.: "Taxonomg of Puccinia species eausing rust diseases on sugarcane"Mycoscience. 42. 167-175 (2001)

Virtudazo，E.V.：“甘蔗锈病的柄锈菌的分类”Mycoscience。

Wahyuno, D.: "Morphological analyses of urediniospores and teliospores in seven Phragmidium species parasitic on ornamesital rores"Mycoscience. 42. 519-533 (2001)

Wahyuno，D.：“寄生在观赏植物上的七个 Phragmidium 物种中的 urediniospores 和 teliospores 的形态分析”Mycoscience。

Chung, W.H.et al.: "Phylogenetic analyses of Uromyces viciae-fabae and its varieties on Vicia, Lathyrus and Pisum in Japan"Mycoscience. 45. 1-8 (2004)

Chung, W.H.等人：“日本蚕豆尿霉菌及其变种对蚕豆、山黧豆和豌豆的系统发育分析”Mycoscience。

Virtudazo, E.V., Nakamura, H., Kakishima, M.: "Ribosomal DNA-ITS sequence polymorphism in the sugarcane rust, Puccinia kuehnii"Mycoseience. 42. 447-453 (2001)

Virtudazo, E.V.、Nakamura, H.、Kakishima, M.：“甘蔗锈病、库氏柄锈菌中的核糖体 DNA-ITS 序列多态性”Mycoseience。