A Historical Study of Music Education in Kokumin Gakko Era

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

The aim of this study is to reveal how music was taught in Kokumin Gakko in 1940s.Historical data were collected from written records, such as school archives, and from self-reports obtained from the former graduates by means of questionnaire and interviews. We investigated in Nagano Prefecture, Takato Kokumin Gakko from 2001 to 2002, and in Tokyo, Seishi Kokumin Gakko, form 2002 to 2003.In Kokumin Gakko, they expanded teaching and learning of music to teach music comprehensively. Especially in Seishi, teachers used Shoka (song) materials for instrumental ensemble, consisting of xylophones, castanets, and other small percussion instruments, and involved identifying note names and clapping rhythms on the scores. Music appreciation was set for a group of students at different grade levels in a lecture hall after lunch. Ear training was included in every music classroom ; students were encouraged to identify note names and to transcribe the notes on a staff.