Accurate determination of the melting relations of primitive peridotite under lower-mantle conditions up to 35 GPa using advanced multi-anvil techniques

利用先进的多砧技术准确测定高达 35 GPa 的下地幔条件下原始橄榄岩的熔化关系

基本信息

项目摘要

It is thought that the Earth’s mantle experienced extensive melting one or more times in its early history; this melting is referred to as the terrestrial magma ocean. Solidification of the terrestrial magma ocean may have produced compositional layering, which should provide the initial state for the evolution of the Earth’s mantle. Of the various relevant parameters, the melting relations of primitive peridotite under lower-mantle conditions are particularly important to understand the solidification process of the magma ocean; these relations will be determined in this project using multi-anvil presses.Even though there have been several studies conducted to determine the melting relations of primitive peridotite, these studies have encountered several limitations. (1) Steep temperature gradients in the sample chambers have caused segregation of the melt from the solids, resulting in misinterpretations of the solidification sequence. (2) The pressure range of conventional multi-anvil presses is limited to 25 GPa. The relevant pressure interval under lower-mantle conditions is only 2 GPa. (3) The temperature range of conventional multi-anvil presses is limited to 2800 K, which is insufficient to determine liquidus temperatures in the deep mantle. (4) Pressure estimations likely contain large errors because, in previous studies, pressure calibrations were conducted at much lower temperatures than those of the melting experiments, despite the decrease in the pressure with increasing temperature at a constant press load. (5) Solidus temperatures are difficult to determine due to the trace amounts of melt present.To overcome these problems, we will adopt the following advanced multi-anvil techniques. (1) Temperature gradients in the sample chambers will be suppressed to nearly zero to prevent melt segregation using a new furnace design developed by my research group. (2) The pressure range will be expanded to 35 GPa via our ultrahigh-pressure generation technique using a multi-anvil press with hard carbide anvils. (3) The temperature range will be expanded to 4000 K using a boron-doped diamond heater developed by a postdoc in my research group. (4) Sample pressures at the same temperature conditions and in the same high-pressure cell as the melting experiments will be calibrated by means of in situ X-ray diffraction. (5) The solidus temperatures will be determined by observing sudden grain growth by means of in situ X-ray diffraction.Using these technologies, we will determine the melting relations of nearly dry primitive peridotite “KLB-1” from above-liquidus to below-solidus temperatures at pressures of 25 GPa, 30 GPa, and 35 GPa. The water content in the samples will be estimated in a sub-solidus run.
据认为,地球的地幔在其早期历史中经历了一次或多次广泛的融化;这种融化被称为陆地岩浆海。陆地岩浆海洋的凝固可能产生了成分分层,这应该为地幔的演化提供了初始状态。在各种相关参数中,下地幔条件下原始橄榄岩的熔融关系对了解岩浆海的凝固过程尤为重要;这些关系将在本项目中使用多砧压力机来确定。尽管已经进行了几项研究来确定原始橄榄岩的熔融关系,但这些研究遇到了一些局限性。(1)样品室中陡峭的温度梯度造成了熔体与固体的偏析,导致了对凝固顺序的误解。(2)常规多砧压力机压力范围限制在25gpa。下地幔条件下相关压力区间仅为2 GPa。(3)常规多砧压机的温度范围限制在2800 K,不足以确定深部地幔的液态温度。(4)压力估计可能存在较大误差,因为在以往的研究中,压力校准是在比熔化实验低得多的温度下进行的,尽管在恒定的压力负荷下,压力随温度的升高而降低。(5)由于存在微量熔体,固相温度难以测定。为了克服这些问题,我们将采用以下先进的多砧技术。(1)样品室的温度梯度将被抑制到接近零,以防止熔体偏析使用我的研究小组开发的新炉设计。(2)通过我们的超高压生成技术,压力范围将扩大到35gpa,该技术使用的是带有硬质合金顶砧的多顶压机。(3)使用我课题组博士后开发的掺硼金刚石加热器,将温度范围扩大到4000 K。(4)采用原位x射线衍射法标定与熔化实验相同温度条件下高压池的样品压力。(5)固相温度将通过原位x射线衍射观察晶粒的突然生长来确定。利用这些技术,我们将确定接近干燥的原始橄榄岩“KLB-1”在25 GPa、30 GPa和35 GPa压力下从液相以上温度到低于固相温度的熔化关系。样品中的含水量将在亚固体运行中估计。

项目成果

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Professor Dr. Tomoo Katsura其他文献

Professor Dr. Tomoo Katsura的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Tomoo Katsura', 18)}}的其他基金

Evaluation of the aspect ratio of ferropericlase under lower-mantle conditions
下地幔条件下方镁石长径比的评估
  • 批准号:
    449701262
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Determination of water partition coefficients between upper mantle minerals and melts as a function of pressure, temperature, and CO2 content using a rapid quench cell in multi-anvil experiments
在多砧实验中使用快速淬火室确定上地幔矿物和熔体之间的水分配系数作为压力、温度和 CO2 含量的函数
  • 批准号:
    402695659
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Determining the water dissociation constant from the relationship between water solubility in ringwoodite and oxygen fugacity
根据尖晶橄榄石的水溶性与氧逸度之间的关系确定水解离常数
  • 批准号:
    392411544
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Measurement of Si grain-boundary diffusion coefficients of forsterite as a function of water content: Estimation of the degree of creep enhancement with water within different regions of the upper mantle
镁橄榄石硅晶界扩散系数随含水量变化的测量:估计上地幔不同区域内水的蠕变增强程度
  • 批准号:
    247132310
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Determination of the three phase region of the post-spinel transition in (Mg,Fe)2SiO4: explanation of the extreme sharpness of the 660-km discontinuity and implication for chemical structure and dynamics of the deep mantle
(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 后尖晶石相变三相区的确定:解释 660 公里不连续性的极端锐度及其对深部地幔化学结构和动力学的影响
  • 批准号:
    257122795
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Measurement of Si self-diffusion coefficients of wadsleyite as a function of water content
硅锰矿硅自扩散系数随含水量变化的测量
  • 批准号:
    251472533
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Dislocation recovery experiment of hydrous olivine as a function of water content and crystallographic orientation
水合橄榄石的位错恢复实验作为含水量和晶体取向的函数
  • 批准号:
    229061489
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
H2O solubilities in Al-free and Al-bearing high-pressure silica polymorphs as a function of pressure and temperature: H2O storage in the lower mantle
无铝和含铝高压二氧化硅多晶型物中的水溶解度与压力和温度的函数关系:下地幔中的水储存
  • 批准号:
    518398967
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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AJUBA通过磷酸化STAT5促进间充质干细胞向成骨分化命运决定的机制研究
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基于 DNA 的测定法,用于纯溶液或混合溶液中蛋白质浓度的量热测定和定量
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