Comparative Study on the Social System Relating the Development of Small & Medium Enterprises

本研究旨在对中国、日本、马来西亚三个实地调查国的中国、印度、穆斯林、韩国等多数民族和少数民族企业家的创业过程、管理风格、技术能力、管理风气和企业发展情况进行调查研究。本研究以三个国家的40家中小企业的企业家为研究对象，对1.600家企业的高层管理人员进行问卷调查，回收问卷470份，回收率29.34%。本研究将创业过程分为创业愿望、创业行为和创业实践三个阶段，运用社会学、经济学和管理学的跨学科方法对创业过程进行了比较研究。定量分析验证了个体素质与社会环境在不同阶段的相互作用对创业行为的影响的理论假设。其中，个人能力是创业过程中的内在因素，社会环境因素是创业过程中的外在因素，外在因素通过内在因素发挥作用。

This research project was implemented to survey study on the enterprising process, management style, technological capacity, management ethos, and the enterprises development performed by the entrepreneurs of both the majority nations and the minority nations, like Chinese, Indian, Muslim, and Korean in three field survey countries- China, Japan, and Malaysia. The interview survey was carried out with focus on the entrepreneurs from 40 Enterprises (SMEs) in three countries respectively, while questionnaire survey was made on the top managers from 1.600 enterprises in total, among which 470 questionnaires were collected with a return rate of 29.34%.In this research, enterprising process is structured with three stages of enterprising desire, enterprising action and enterprising fulfillment, on which a comparative study was made with an interdisciplinary approach of sociology, economics and management. The quantitative analysis have proved the theoretical hypothesis that the interactions between individual qualities and the social environment at each stages accordingly differs the enterprising behaviors. Here the personal aptitudes are the internal factors while the social environmental elements are external factors in the enterprising process, through which the external factors make functions through internal factors.