Research on early detection of plant growth damage with ultraviolet rays and air pollution gases.

通过紫外激光激发花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）的激光诱导荧光（LIF）光谱，研究了紫外线和大气污染气体对花生生长的影响。叶子结果表明：1）685 nm（F685）和530 nm（F530）荧光强度比值R_（685/530）与臭氧浓度C（ppm）的对数和暴露时间T（h）均成正比; R_（685/530）=1-（0.346×lnT+0.958）× C。2）R_（685/530）的值与UV-B辐射通量（紫外线强度I（Wm^<-2>）与照射时间T（h）的乘积）成正比地减小; R_&lt;685/530&gt;=1-0.0375×I× T。3）UV-B辐射和臭氧暴露对740 nm（F740）和685 nm（F685）荧光强度比值R_&lt;740/685&gt;的影响不同。UV-LIF方法可以用于检测紫外胁迫和臭氧胁迫的早期伤害，为了同时测量叶片中所有波长的荧光分布，伊萨（成像光谱分析）装置是新开发的。结果表明：（4）对照叶片叶绿素荧光比值（F740/F685）随深度增加而增加，而UV-B损伤叶片叶绿素荧光比值基本保持不变;（5）UV-B辐射下叶片上表皮蓝色荧光（400 nm ~ 500 nm）显著增加。伊萨装置被认为是检测植物叶片生长状况的有效工具，而且，根据上述结果评价了胁迫的复合影响，以下结果变得更加明确。6）UV-A辐射对对照叶片的再生降低通常几乎没有影响，而对UV-B损伤的叶片造成了显著的伤害。

The influence of ultraviolet (UV) rays and air pollution gases exerted on plant growth was investigated by measurement of the UV laser excited LIF (Laser-induced fluorescence) spectra in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaves. The following results were obtained.1)The value of R_<685/530>, fluorescence intensity ratio of 685 nm (F685) and 530 nm (F530), is proportional to both logarithm of ozone density C (ppm) and exposure time T(h) ; R_<685/530>=1-(0.346×lnT+0.958)×C.2)The value of R_<685/530> decreases in proportion to the UV-B fluence (Product of UV intensity I (Wm^<-2>) and exposure time T (h) ; R_<685/530>=1-0.0375×I×T.3)Changing of R_<740/685>, fluorescence intensity ratio of 740 nm (F740) and 685 nm (F685), is different in UV-B irradiation and ozone exposure.From the above-mentioned, it is understood that to detect early damage of UV stress and ozone stress is possible by the UV-LIF method.In order to measure all wavelength of the fluorescence distribution in leaf simultaneously, ISA (Imaging spectrogram analysis) device was newly developed. The following results were obtained by ISA measurements.4)The chlorophyll fluorescence ratio (F740/F685) increased according to the depth from the surface in control leaf, while it maintained a constant value in the UV-B damaged leaf.5)Blue fluorescence (400nm - 500nm) increased remarkably under UV-B irradiation in the upper epidermis of the leaf. It is thought that ISA device is useful for examining the growth condition of plant leaves.Moreover, the following became clear since the compound influence of the stress was evaluated based on the above-mentioned finding.6)UV-A irradiation to the control leaves usual hardly influences the revitalization decrease, while a remarkable damage is caused to the UV-B damaged leaves.