Study for Appropriate Control of Hazardous Household Wastes

研究了我国危险生活垃圾和家用电器的持有和处置状况。对京都市1100户家庭进行问卷调查。对汞进行了物质流分析和风险分析，重点研究了荧光光的回收系统。根据问卷调查得出以下结果：1)由于《家电回收法》的实施，流入废物处理设施的电视机、空调、冰箱和洗衣机的数量减少了。然而，其他品种的家用电器仍在大量涌入。2)有许多危险废物流入具有环境风险的路线。3)许多人对垃圾的处理方式感兴趣。显示有关风险的信息和正确的处置方法，有助于改变公民的处置行为。4)摄像机“囤积”比例非常高。干电池往往留在一些家用电器中，如录像机。根据物质流分析和风险分析，指出：1)在日本，每年有10-20 t源自产品的汞循环，其中约5 t来自荧光灯。2)在京都市处置含汞产品的估计风险为：焚烧34公斤汞柱，粉碎17公斤汞柱，回收21公斤汞柱，再循环4公斤汞柱。3)如果建立荧光灯的回收/循环系统，全部回收，风险将降低到47kg-Hg。

The holding and disposal status of hazardous household wastes(HHW) and electrical home appliances are studied. Questionnaires survey to 1,100 families in Kyoto City was performed. Substance flow analysis and risk analysis for mercury are also performed, focusing on the recycling system of the fluorescence light.According to the questionnaires the following findings are obtained :1)The amount of television, air conditioner, refrigerator and washing machine flowing into a waste disposal and treatment facilities decreased by enforcement of Home Appliances Recycling Law. However, considerable quantities of home electric appliances of other varieties are still flowing in.2)Many hazardous wastes flow into the route that has environmental risk.3)Many people are interested in disposal methods of HHW. Showing the information on a risk and proper disposal methods is useful for changing citizens' disposal action.4)The ratio of "hoarding" of video cameras is very high.5)Dry batteries tend to be remained in some home appliances such as a video recorder.According to substance flow analysis and risk analysis, the followings are pointed out :1)In Japan 10-20 t of Hg originated to products is circulating in one year, and about 5 t of them is derived from fluorescence light. Recovered amounts are only 0.6 t.2)The estimated risk of disposal of mercury containing products in Kyoto City is : 34kg-Hg for incineration, 17 kg-Hg for shredding, 21 kg-Hg for reclamation, and 4kg-Hg for recycling.3)If recovery/recycling system of fluorescence light is established and the whole quantity is recycled, the risk will decrease to 47kg-Hg.