Tissue Engineering Hybrid Vessels Using Peripheral Blood Stem Cells and Bioabsorbable Polymer Scaffolds.

各种血管移植物通常用于心血管组织的重建。然而，目前使用的假体或生物假体材料缺乏生长潜力，因此，随着其成熟，随后需要在儿科患者中进行更换。组织工程（TE）是一门新学科，它提供了从自体细胞和可生物降解的聚合物支架创建替代结构的潜力。由于TE构建体含有活细胞，因此它们可能具有生长、自我修复和自我重塑的潜力。组织工程自体移植物（TEA）是通过将4-6 x 10^6个从杂种狗股静脉获得的混合细胞接种到由聚乙醇酸（PGA）非织造织物片和l-丙交酯和-己内酯的共聚物（N=4）组成的带瓣片状生物可降解聚合物支架上制成的。7天后，用TEA替换相同犬的下腔静脉。分别于术后3、4、5、6个月行血管造影，处死动物 ...更多信息 .对植入的TA进行大体和免疫组织学检查。植入的TEA未显示狭窄或扩张迹象。即使没有任何抗凝治疗，也没有在TEA内发现血栓。在所有标本中均未观察到聚合物支架残留，总体外观与天然血管相似。免疫组织学染色显示在TEA的腔表面存在因子VIII阳性有核细胞。此外，在α-平滑肌肌动蛋白和结蛋白阳性细胞存在的地方观察到病变。植入的TEA含有足够量的细胞外基质，并且未显示闭塞或血管瘤形成。此外，发现内皮细胞排列在每个TEA的腔表面。这些结果有力地表明，“理想的”移植物具有抗血栓形成可以产生。因为我们的实验室和临床经验是相当令人鼓舞的，我们认为TE的方法可能会发挥重要作用，作为一种替代方法移植和使用人工器官在儿科心血管外科领域。少

Various vascular grafts are commonly used in the reconstruction of cardiovascular tissues. However, currently used prosthetic or bioprosthetic materials lack growth potential and, therefore, subsequently require replacement in pediatric patients as they mature. Tissue engineering (TE) is a new discipline that offers the potential to create replacement structures from autologous cells and biodegradable polymer scaffolds. Because TE constructs contain living cells, they may have the potential to grow, self-repair, and self-remodel. Tissue Engineered Autografts (TEAs) were made by seeding 4-6 x 10^6 of mixed cells obtained from femoral veins of mongrel dogs onto valved patch-shape biodegradable polymer scaffolds composed of a polyglycolic acid (PGA) non-woven fabric sheet and a co-polymer of l-lactide and- caprolactone (N=4). After 7 days, the inferior vena cava of the same dogs were replaced with TEAs. After 3, 4, 5 and 6 months, angiographies were performed, and the dogs were sacrificed … More . The implanted TAs were examined both grossly and immunohistologically. The implanted TEAs showed no evidence of stenosis or dilatation. No thrombus was found inside the TEAs, even without any anticoagulation therapy. Remnants of the polymer scaffolds were not observed in all specimens, and the overall gross appearance appeared similar to that of native vessels. Immunohistological staining revealed the presence of Factor VIII positive nucleated cells at the luminal surface of the TEAs. In addition, lesions were observed where α-smooth muscle actin and desmin positive cells existed. Implanted TEAs contained a sufficient amount of extracellular matrix, and showed neither occlusion nor aneurysmal formation. In addition, endothelial cells were found to line the luminal surface of each TEA. These results strongly suggest that 'ideal' grafts with anti-thrombogenicity can be produced. Because both our laboratory and clinical experiences are quite encouraging, we suggest that the TE approach may play an important role as an alternative method to transplantation and to the use of artificial organs in the field of pediatric cardiovascular surgery. Less