The effect of material property and constructive property of shoes on heat and water vapor transfer and thermal comfort

为了改善皮鞋在微气候环境下的热舒适性，本研究探讨了鞋底尺寸(紧、正、松)等结构因素和水蒸气透过率(人造革与天然皮革)等材料因素对鞋类微气候中热量和水蒸气传递的影响。研究发现，波纹管在行走过程中的作用影响了热和水蒸气的传递。鞋底越贴合鞋底，鞋口附近的速度值越大，从而影响波纹管的作用。实验制作了一种通风催化垫。为了评价皮鞋的水蒸气传输及皮鞋对水蒸气的吸收情况，研制了一套人工脚测试仪。对人造皮鞋和天然皮鞋进行了比较。人造皮鞋的吸湿量是天然皮鞋的2.6倍。虽然人造革的耐水蒸性有所提高，但其耐水蒸性仍是天然革的1.12倍。因此，在目前的条件下，天然鞋的鞋气候比人造鞋更舒适。

In this study, to improve the thermal comfort in the microclimate of leather shoes, it was evaluated that the effect of constructive factor like size of foot measurement(tight, just fit, loose) and material factor of leather shoes like water vapor permeability (artificial leather vs. natural leather ) on heat and water vapor transfer in the shoes microclimate. It was found that bellows action during walking affected heat and water vapor transfer. The more the foots fitted shoes, the larger the magnitude of velocity near opening of shoe arid thus affected on bellows action. A ventilation accelerated mat was made experimentally. It was shown the above mat improve the vapor transfer in microclimate in the leather shoes.The artificial foot test apparatus was developed for evaluating the water vapor transport of the leather shoe and the water vapor absorption taken-up by the shoe. It was compared between the artificial leather shoe and natural leather shoe. The amount of water vapor that was taken-up by shoe of the artificial leather shoe was 2.6 times as large as that of natural leather shoe. Though the artificial leather was improved and the water vapor resistance was become smaller, the water vapor resistance of the artificial leather was 1.12 times as large as that of the natural leather. So the shoe climate of the natural shoe was more comfortable than the artificial shoe under the present condition.