The effect of material property and constructive property of shoes on heat and water vapor transfer and thermal comfort

为了提高皮鞋在小气候条件下的热舒适性，本研究评价了鞋脚尺寸（紧、正、松）等构形因素和鞋的透气性（人造革与天然革）等材质因素对皮鞋小气候条件下热、水蒸气传递的影响。研究发现，行走过程中风箱的作用会影响热量和水蒸气的传递。足部穿鞋越多，鞋口附近的速度大小越大，从而影响风箱的作用。实验制作了一种通风加速垫。结果表明，上述垫料改善了皮鞋内小气候中的水汽传递。研制了一种人工足试验装置，用于测定皮鞋的水蒸气输运量和鞋的水蒸气吸收量。对人造皮鞋与天然皮鞋进行了比较。人造皮鞋的鞋面吸收的水蒸气量是天然皮鞋的2.6倍。虽然对人造革进行了改进，使其抗水蒸气性变小，但人造革的抗水蒸气性是天然皮革的1.12倍。因此，在现有条件下，天然鞋的鞋气比人工鞋的鞋气更舒适。

In this study, to improve the thermal comfort in the microclimate of leather shoes, it was evaluated that the effect of constructive factor like size of foot measurement(tight, just fit, loose) and material factor of leather shoes like water vapor permeability (artificial leather vs. natural leather ) on heat and water vapor transfer in the shoes microclimate. It was found that bellows action during walking affected heat and water vapor transfer. The more the foots fitted shoes, the larger the magnitude of velocity near opening of shoe arid thus affected on bellows action. A ventilation accelerated mat was made experimentally. It was shown the above mat improve the vapor transfer in microclimate in the leather shoes.The artificial foot test apparatus was developed for evaluating the water vapor transport of the leather shoe and the water vapor absorption taken-up by the shoe. It was compared between the artificial leather shoe and natural leather shoe. The amount of water vapor that was taken-up by shoe of the artificial leather shoe was 2.6 times as large as that of natural leather shoe. Though the artificial leather was improved and the water vapor resistance was become smaller, the water vapor resistance of the artificial leather was 1.12 times as large as that of the natural leather. So the shoe climate of the natural shoe was more comfortable than the artificial shoe under the present condition.