HISTORICAL RESEARCH ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL METHOD IN THE IMAGE ANALYSIS : THE METHODOLOGY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES AND ITS BACKGROUND IN THE 1920S AND 1930S.

就本研究而言，20世纪图像分析中的形态方法取得了以下成果：1.分析了《阿比·沃堡》的图像地图集《记忆》，理清了其图像记忆的多维结构。2.考察了歌德的自然观对沃堡思想的影响，特别是歌德的类型概念与沃堡图像学的关系。在研究的过程中，比较了沃堡和安史郎对波提切利绘画的“细节”的分析方法。3.从克劳德·列维-施特劳斯的结构主义和卡洛·金茨堡的微历史(微故事)中探寻形态方法论在文化学中的理论潜力。此外，在分析摄影、胶片等视觉媒介对形态方法论的影响的基础上，让-吕克·戈达尔的《电影的历史(S)》等视觉艺术作品中也发现了类似的形态方法。4.德国动物学家恩斯特·海克尔通过个体发生与系统发育的联系发展了达尔文进化论，歌德的形态学对文化学的许多领域产生了广泛的影响，19世纪以来生物学中的生命形态变化及其视觉表现理论深刻地影响了文化学中的视觉图像分析。5.进化论不仅影响了关于视觉图像的文化科学，而且通过其关于视觉成像的生物学基础和生命形态变化的可视化的知识，影响了视觉艺术的创作。这种影响的过程被认为是需要发展的重要主题。

As for this research, the following results were gained about the morphological method in the image analysis in the 20th century.1.The image atlas "Mnemosyne" of Aby Warburg was analyzed, and its multidimensional structure of image memories was made clear.2.The influence of Goethean theory of nature upon the thought of Warburg was investigated, especially in the relationship between the Goethean concept of "type" and the iconology of Warburg. In the process of this investigation, the analytical methods of Warburg and Yukio Yashiro were compared in their analyses of "details" of the paintings by Sandro Botticelli.3.The theoretical potentialities of the morphological methodology in the cultural sciences was sought in the structuralism of Claude Levi-Strauss and the micro history (microstoria) of Carlo Ginzburg. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the influence of visual media such as photography and film upon the morphological methodology, the similar morphological method was found out in the visual art works such as Jean-Luc Godard's "Histoire(s) du cinema".4.It was found out that the thoughts of Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist, who developed Darwinian evolution theory by means of the connection of ontogeny to phylogeny, contributed much for the wide influence of Goethean morphology upon the many fields of cultural sciences and that the theory of morphological changes of life and their visual expressions in the biology since the 19th century influenced the analyses of visual images in cultural sciences deeply.5.The evolution theory has influenced not only the cultural sciences about visual images, but also the creations of visual arts through its knowledge about the biological basis of visual imaging and the visualization of morphological changes of life. The process of this influence was found as the important theme to develop.