HISTORICAL RESEARCH ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL METHOD IN THE IMAGE ANALYSIS : THE METHODOLOGY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES AND ITS BACKGROUND IN THE 1920S AND 1930S.

在本研究中，形态学方法在20世纪的图像分析中取得了以下成果：对Aby Warburg的《记忆》（Mnemosyne）图像图谱进行分析，明确其图像记忆的多维结构。考察了歌德的自然论对华宝思想的影响，特别是歌德的“类型”概念与华宝的图像学之间的关系。在这次调查的过程中，比较了Warburg和Yukio Yashiro对桑德罗·波提切利画作“细节”的分析方法。形态方法论在文化科学中的理论潜力是在克洛德·列维-斯特劳斯的结构主义和卡洛·金兹堡的微观历史（微观故事）中寻求的。进而，在分析摄影、电影等视觉媒介对形态学方法论的影响的基础上，在戈达尔的《电影史》等视觉艺术作品中发现了类似的形态学方法。人们发现，通过个体发生与系统发生的联系发展达尔文进化论的德国动物学家海克尔的思想对歌德形态学对文化科学许多领域的广泛影响作出了很大贡献；19世纪以来生物学中生命形态变化及其视觉表达理论深刻地影响了文化科学中视觉图像的分析。进化论通过对视觉成像的生物学基础和生命形态变化的可视化的认识，不仅影响了视觉图像的文化科学，也影响了视觉艺术的创作。这种影响的过程被发现为发展的重要主题。

As for this research, the following results were gained about the morphological method in the image analysis in the 20th century.1.The image atlas "Mnemosyne" of Aby Warburg was analyzed, and its multidimensional structure of image memories was made clear.2.The influence of Goethean theory of nature upon the thought of Warburg was investigated, especially in the relationship between the Goethean concept of "type" and the iconology of Warburg. In the process of this investigation, the analytical methods of Warburg and Yukio Yashiro were compared in their analyses of "details" of the paintings by Sandro Botticelli.3.The theoretical potentialities of the morphological methodology in the cultural sciences was sought in the structuralism of Claude Levi-Strauss and the micro history (microstoria) of Carlo Ginzburg. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the influence of visual media such as photography and film upon the morphological methodology, the similar morphological method was found out in the visual art works such as Jean-Luc Godard's "Histoire(s) du cinema".4.It was found out that the thoughts of Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist, who developed Darwinian evolution theory by means of the connection of ontogeny to phylogeny, contributed much for the wide influence of Goethean morphology upon the many fields of cultural sciences and that the theory of morphological changes of life and their visual expressions in the biology since the 19th century influenced the analyses of visual images in cultural sciences deeply.5.The evolution theory has influenced not only the cultural sciences about visual images, but also the creations of visual arts through its knowledge about the biological basis of visual imaging and the visualization of morphological changes of life. The process of this influence was found as the important theme to develop.