Socioreligious Relationships in Late Medieval England

本研究集中于十五世纪英国贵族宽免书（和博爱书）的动机。首先，研究者解释了7封给予约克郡Plumptons兄弟情谊的信件背后的社会和宗教动机，并与Plumptons的家族史有关。这些博爱信件保存在利兹的西约克郡档案馆和克莱蒙特的约克郡考古协会。在国家档案馆的许多兄弟会信件中，兰利家族收集的9封信件因其数量而非常独特（Clerk-Maxwell在Some letters，第48页中只提到了6封信）。最初的收藏包括至少10封信，可能是由凯瑟琳收集的，她是亨利·兰利的妻子，埃塞克斯郡里克林霍尔的绅士。十封博爱信的时间从1458年到1510年或1511年。1458年，坎特伯雷大主教给了她乌尔斯维克的父母一封信，1462年，伦敦特许院给了她丈夫兰利的父母一封信。从1475年到1487年，她和她的丈夫收到了五封信，从1508年到1510/11年，她作为寡妇和誓约收到了三封信。所以我们可以想象凯瑟琳·兰利在十封博爱信背后的社会宗教动机。最后，研究者分析了两种放纵；一个是在1412年6月授予苏塞克斯的约翰·佩勒姆爵士（大英图书馆附加宪章29260），另一个非常漂亮的是在1412年6月授予亨利·菲茨休勋爵（约克郡考古学会，克莱蒙特，利兹DD56/ Add (1987)/1A/1）。研究者认为，这两封博爱信是亨利四世和亨利五世朝臣的宗教倾向的具体例子，乔纳森·休斯在他的书《牧师和幻想家》中指出了这一点。研究人员在利兹大学国际中世纪大会上阅读了2003年至2005年的三篇论文。

This Research concentrates on motives of gentry grantee of indulgences (and letters of fraternity) in Fifteenth Century England. Firstly, the investigator interprets social and religious motives of grantees behind 7 letters of fraternity to the Yorkshire Plumptons, in relation to family history of the Plumptons. These letters of fraternity are archived in the West Yorkshire Archive Services, Leeds, and Yorkshire Archaeological Society, Cleamont. Among many letters of fraternity in the National Archives, the Langley family's collection of 9 letters is very unique for its volume (Clerk-Maxwell mentioned only six letters in Some Letters, p.48). The original collection consisted of at least 10 letters, probably accumulated by Katherine, wife of Henry Langley, esquire of Rickling Hall in Essex. The ten letters of fraternity ranged from 1458 to 1510 or 1511. The Archbishop of Canterbury granted one letter to her parents of Urswick in 1458, and the London Charterhouse granted one letter to her husband's parents of Langley in 1462. Five letters are granted from 1475 to 1487 to her and her husband, and three from 1508 to 1510/11 to her as a widow and vowess. So we can conceive socioreligious motives of Katherine Langley behind ten letters of fraternity. Lastly, the investigator analyzes two indulgences ; one was for Sir John Pelham of Sussex in June 1412 (British Library Additional Charter 29260) and the other extremely beautiful one was for Henry Lord FitzHugh also in June 1412 (Yorkshire Archaeological Society, Cleamont, Leeds DD56/ Add (1987)/1A/1). These two letters of fraternity, the investigator suggests, are concrete examples of the religious tendency of the courtiers of Henry IV and Henry V, which Jonathan Hughes indicated in his book, Pastors and Visionaries. The investigator read three papers of the subjects from 2003 to 2005 at the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds.