International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenace

在海牙国际私法会议的主持下，正在进行新的《国际追回子女抚养费和其他形式家庭赡养费公约》的工作。谈判于2003年5月举行，随后在2004年6月7日至18日期间举行了特别委员会第二次会议。特别委员会于2004年6月17日提出了新公约的工作草案。司法部于2004年4月为司法部长设立了一个咨询小组，以处理这一未来公约。我被任命为小组主席。在国际领域中，似乎没有出现与日本有关的许多维护问题，至少没有以明显的方式出现。但是，考虑到申请国的资源一般非常有限，似乎没有人反对旨在使它们能够收回其赡养费的新国际文书的目的。未来的公约可能主要由两部分组成，即行政合作、承认和执行外国维持裁决。法律选择规则似乎只是在可选的基础上通过，而不是作为公约的一个组成部分。在海牙谈判期间，美国和欧洲联盟成员国之间在管辖范围和法律选择规则方面需要克服的障碍变得明显起来。本研究试图解释这两方面之间的差距，并指出一些弥合差距的方法。这是至关重要的，因为公约的目标是全球性的，而不是区域性的。

Work on the new Convention on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance is underway under the Hague Conference of Private International Law. The negotiations were held in May 2003,followed by the second meeting of its Special Commission during the period from 7 to 18 June 2004. The Special Commission produced the Working Draft for the new Convention on 17 June 2004.The Ministry of Justice set up an advisory panel for the Minister of Justice to deal with this future convention in April 2004. I was appointed chairman for the panel. It does not seem that many maintenance problems in the international sphere have occurred in connection with Japan at least in a noticeable way. But, taking account of the applicants for maintenance generally having very limited resources, nobody seem to object to the purpose of the new international instrument designed to enable them to recover their maintenance. The future convention are likely to consist of, mainly, the two parts, namely, administrative co-operation, recognition and enforcement of foreign maintenancedecisions.The choice of law rules seem to be adopted only on the optional basis rather than as an integral part of the convention.During the negotiations at the Hague, the obstacles to be overcome became apparent between the United States and the States belonging to European Union in connection with the spheres of jurisdiction and choice of law rules. This research tries to explain the gap between these two sides and to inndicate some ways to bridge it. This is essential, because the convention aims to be global ratherthan regional.