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Comparative Study on Rise of Radical Right Populist Parties and European Integration : Changing Patterns of Party Competition and Europeanization

极右民粹主义政党的崛起与欧洲一体化的比较研究:政党竞争和欧洲化模式的变化

基本信息

批准号：
15530089
负责人：
SAKANO Tomokazu
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Main aim of this research project is to provide a comparative and up-to-date analysis of the nature and rise of populist radical right parties or movements in West Europe since 1990s. Our concern is to examine particularly why radical right parties have advanced in a diverse array of democracies, while failing to make comparable gains in countries such as Britain and Sweden. Through case studies of Britain, Italy, Netherlands, France, Belgium, and Germany, we have explained the following primary factors driving or inhibiting this phenomenon from the viewpoint of changing party competition. First, the success or failure of each radical right party is dependent on conflict patterns of established parties in each country. The leaning to right of main conservative opposition parties is critical for minimizing opportunities for the radical right. Second, the identification of radical right parties as anti-establishment or anti-immigration has a great impact on radical right support. While the radical right parties with strong attitudes against immigration are regarded as ‘destroyers' of democracies, populist parties identified as anti-establishment are able to make an appeal for ‘innovator' of democracies. Finally, the prevalence of populism has strong relation with the developments of media strategy in advanced democracies since 1990s, which are characterized by the evolution from modern campaigns to postmodern. campaigns. which are characterized by the evolution from modern campaigns to postmodern. campaigns. We examine the nature and changes of media campaigning from the viewpoint of personalization of party politics.

本研究项目的主要目的是提供一个比较和最新的分析的性质和兴起的民粹主义激进右翼政党或运动在西欧自20世纪90年代。我们关注的是，为什么激进右翼政党在各种民主国家都取得了进步，而在英国和瑞典等国家却没有取得类似的进展。通过对英国、意大利、荷兰、法国、比利时、德国等国的个案研究，我们从政党竞争的变化角度，解释了推动或抑制这一现象的主要因素。首先，每个激进右翼政党的成败取决于每个国家现有政党的冲突模式。主要保守派反对党的右倾对于减少激进右翼的机会至关重要。第二，激进右翼政党被认定为反建制或反移民，对激进右翼的支持有很大影响。反对移民的激进右翼政党被认为是民主的“破坏者”，而反建制的民粹主义政党则能够呼吁民主的“创新者”。最后，民粹主义的盛行与20世纪90年代以来发达民主国家媒介战略的发展有着密切的关系，其特点是从现代运动到后现代的演变。竞选其特征是从现代运动到后现代运动的演变。竞选我们从政党政治的个人化的角度来考察媒体竞选的性质和变化。