Study on technology trade and research and development

我在以下三个领域发表了7篇研究论文（2篇在英文期刊发表，1篇在国外出版）。第一个研究领域是技术贸易或许可的实证研究。我已经澄清了为什么交叉许可合同在规模相似的大公司中普遍存在的原因。我还表明，排他性和知识产权范围等合同特征以及专利保护强度等技术特征作为一种可占有性机制可以显著解释高版税合同的频率。我还研究了研究工具合同的特征，表明排他性条款和高版税都不太常见，事后许可涉及排他性的频率也不太高。第二个研究领域是支持技术标准的专利池的联盟形成。使用顺序联盟形成的理论框架，我分析了为什么拥有重要专利的公司之间在事后自由谈判建立一个大联盟是困难的，并根据MPEG2、DVD和3G标准的经验研究了其影响。我还指出了对RAND（合理和非歧视）条件的澄清，以及在标准制定阶段引入参与池的事先承诺。第三个研究领域是在研究和开发中使用先验知识。我已经证明，以科学联系强度衡量的科学知识的使用显著提高了专利授权数量和质量方面的研发绩效。我还表明，在持续的研发竞争背景下，对改进或发明主题的研究豁免具有良好的经济意义，并且对先锋发明的激励可能最好由其在产品市场上的权利要求的广度提供。少

I have made public 7 research papers (two papers in the English refereed journals and one paper in a Book published abroad) in the following three areas. The first research area is empirical study on technology trade or licensing. I have clarified the reasons why cross licensing contracts are prevalent among large firms with similar size. I have also shown that the contract characteristics such as exclusivity and the scope of intellectual property rights as well as the technology characteristics such as the strength of patent protection as an appropriability mechanism can significantly account for the frequency of high royalty contracts. I have also examined the characteristics of research tool contracts, showing that both exclusivity provisions and high royalty are less frequent and ex-post license involves exclusivity less frequently. The second research area is the coalition formation for the patent pool supporting a technical standard. I have analyzed why it would be difficult for … More the firms with essential patents to freely negotiate among themselves to develop a grand coalition ex-post, using the theoretical framework of sequential coalition formation and examined the implications in light of the experiences of MPEG2, DVD and 3G standards. I have also pointed out the clarification of RAND (reasonable and non-discriminatory) conditions and the introduction of the prior commitment in the participation in the pool at the stage of standard development. The third research area is the use of prior knowledge in research and development. I have shown that the use of scientific knowledge measured by the strength of scientific linkage significantly improves the R&D performance in terms of the number and quality of patents granted. I have also shown that exemption for research on improving or inventing-around the subject matter makes good economic sense in the context of perpetual R&D competition, and the incentive for pioneer invention could be best provided by the breadth of its claims in product market. Less