Technological Development and Small Businesses in Renewable Energy Industry

我们的研究课题分为两个部分。第一个主题是公众支持或技术政策与可再生能源技术发展之间的关系。第二个主题是企业规模与技术发展的关系。对于第一个主题来说，解决各种问题进行创新的能力是技术创新所必需的。解决这一问题的管理过程称为“技术创新能力”。技术创新能力取决于产业历史和/或国家或地区的文化。风力涡轮机行业这种技术创新能力的国际比较在2004年3月出版的《风力涡轮机行业和丹麦社会模式：从本土技术到创新的道路》中进行了分析。此外，我们还考察了日本小型风电机组行业的技术背景。我们访问并采访了…D 33多家小型风力发电机组生产厂家。虽然他们在现有的机电等技术基础上开始了风力机的开发，但他们对风车的基本技术，如叶片的形状，缺乏足够的知识，发现他们依赖于外部的研究机构，如大学。当我们形式化熊彼特假设时，有两种类型的假设。一是企业规模与创新的关系，二是市场结构与创新的关系。我们调查了现有的研究，发现这两个假说都没有得到经验上的支持。我们还表明，行业的特征，特别是技术机会和技术被排除在外的可能性，对于检验熊彼特假说是重要的。在已有研究的基础上，我们讨论了产业集群、小企业在重要技术发展中的重新评估、创新困境和企业特定能力等方面的最新发展。较少

Our research subject was subdivided in two parts. The first subject is relationship between public support or technological policy and development of technology in renewable energy. The second subjects are the relationship between size of enterprise sand of development of technology.For the first subject, the ability to solve the various problems to process the innovation is necessary for the technological innovation. A management process to solve the problem is called "technological innovation capability". The technological innovation capability depends on industrial history and/or the culture of the country or region. International comparison of this technological innovation capability in the wind turbine industry is analysed in the "The Wind Turbine Industry and Danish Social Model : the path from indigenous technology to innovation" published in March 2004. Additionally, we surveyed the technological background of small size wind turbine industry in Japan. We visited and interviewe … More d 33 manufacturers of small size wind turbine. Though they started their development of wind turbine based on the existent technology such as a machine and electricity, they do not have enough knowledge of basic technology of the windmill such as a shape of its blade, and found that they depend on the outside research organization such as a university.For the second subject we examined the Schumpeterian hypothesis. When we formalize the Schumpeterian hypothesis, there are two types of hypothesis. One is the relationship between firm size and innovation, and the other is the relationship between the market structure and innovation. We surveyed the existing studies and found that both hypothesises are not supported empirically. We also showed that the characters of the industry especially technological opportunity and the possibility of exclusion of the technology are important to examine the Schumpeterian hypothesis. Based on the existing studies, we discussed the recent development in this field such as industrial cluster, reevaluation of small businesses in the development in important technologym the dilemma in innovation and firm specific capability. Less