Life course of peasants and mechanism of the stem family in early modern Japan

本研究考察了18、19世纪农民的生活历程和干系家庭的形成机制。在这项研究中，我们使用了日本东北(6个村庄)的Shumon Aratame Cho(SAC)。起初，我们也打算使用日本中心(6个村庄)作为史料。然而，我们实际上只能建立日本东北的数据库。因为我们花了大量的时间在数据库制作上。针对这一问题，我们希望为今后的研究建立一个有效的数据库，为此，我们分析了哀足山区的史料。本文的研究结果如下：对Hammel和Laslette模型进行了修正，我们称之为修正的Hammel和Laslette模型，并将其用于家庭结构的分类，以准确地确定主干家庭的数量。观察的结果证明，家庭结构依赖于社会阶层。地主阶层有很高的周期比率，形成了一个干式家庭。另一方面，非地主阶层的地位较低，因此，可以说，干式家庭是德川末期尾津山区农民社会的典型家庭结构。但是，这一假设只适用于地主阶级的农户，不适用于非地主阶级的农户。

This study examines the life course of peasants and mechanism of the stem family households in the 18th and 19th centuries. For this study, we use the Shumon Aratame Cho (SAC) of Tohoku Japan(6 villages). At first, we were going to use center Japanas(6 villages) as historical materials, too. However, we were able only to have actually made the data base of Tohoku Japan. Because we have spent a great amount of time on the data base making. We want to do an efficient data base making to the problem in the future.For such reasons, we analyzed the historical materials of Aizu mountainous district. The result of this study is brought as follows.The Hammel and Laslette model was modified, we called it "the modified Hammel and Laslette model", and adopted for the classification of household structure to determine accurately the number of stem family households. The result of the observation proved that the household structure depended on social class. The landowning class had a high ratio of the cycle that formed a stem family household. On the other hand, the non-landowning class had a low.As a result on this study, it can be said that stem family households were the typical household structure in peasant society of the Aizu mountainous district during the late Tokugawa Era. However, this assumption is true only for peasant households belonging to the landowning class, and it does not apply to non-landowning peasant households.