The functional significance of action monitoring and motivational affect : an ERP study

理论认为，刺激前负波（SPN）和内侧额叶负波（MFN）都反映了情感/动机加工。我们使用一个简单的赌博任务来检验反馈刺激对这些ERPs的动机影响的效果，重点是先前的损失和收益对ERPs和选择行为的影响。在巨额亏损之后的选择比在小额亏损或巨额收益之后的选择风险更大。然而，最惠国待遇随着收益的增加而增加。结果之前的SPN在更大的增益之后也更大。因此，我们证实，最惠国待遇和SPN响应的激励属性的反馈。冒险行为和这些ERP之间的分离表明，可能存在两种监控系统：一种导致损失后更冒险的反应，另一种导致期望值提高。

Theories have proposed that both the stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) and the medial frontal negativity (MFN) reflect affective/motivational processing. We examined the effect of the motivational impact of feedback stimuli on these ERPs using a simple gambling task, focusing on the influence of prior losses and gains on ERPs and choice behavior. Choices were riskier following large losses than following small losses or large gains. The MFN, however, was larger following larger gains. The SPN preceding the outcome was also larger after a greater gain. Thus, we confirmed that both the MFN and the SPN respond to the motivational properties of the feedback. A dissociation between risk-taking behavior and these ERPs suggests that there could be two monitoring systems : one that leads to riskier responses following losses and a second that leads to heightened expectancy.