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Study on the elucidation of formation mechanism of expandable clay minerals and the forecast of "Shirasu" cliff collapse.

膨胀粘土矿物形成机制阐明及“Shirasu”悬崖崩塌预测研究

基本信息

批准号：
15540462
负责人：
TOMITA Katsutoshi
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We collected many samples from "Shirasu" cliffs, and checked them by X-ray diffractometer.In the collapsed pyroclastic flow deposits fairly amount of 10 Å-halloysite and/or smectite was included., but in the deposit remaining on the cliff, those expandable day minerals do not exist much. In the samples collected from Harihara district where landslide occurred recently, much amount of 10 Å-halloysite is included. In the samples collected from Aira town where landslide also occurred recently, much amount of 10 Å-halloysite is included. In the sediments at Kagono, Oita Prefecture, much amount of smectite are included and many landslides occurred so far.These phenomena indicate that these expandable clay mineras absorbed much water in their interlayers after heavy rain, and deposits expand ed creating many cracks. As a result, collapse of cliffs and/or landslide occur. So we studied on the formation mechanisms of expandable clay minerals, especially on smectite, and we have succeeded on forming smectite from volcanic glasses and pyroclastic flow deposits under atomospheric pressures and under low temperature and low pressure conditions.

我们从石拉苏悬崖上采集了大量样品，并用X射线衍射仪进行了验证，在坍塌的火山碎屑流沉积物中含有相当数量的10个Å-埃洛石和/或蒙皂石，而在悬崖上残留的矿床中，这些可膨胀的日矿物并不多。在最近发生滑坡的哈里哈拉地区采集的样品中，含有大量的10Å-埃洛石。在近期也发生滑坡的艾拉镇采集的样品中，含有大量的10Å-埃洛石。在大分县卡戈诺的沉积物中，含有大量蒙皂石，并发生了多次滑坡，这些现象表明，暴雨过后，这些可膨胀粘土矿物在夹层中吸收了大量水分，沉积物膨胀，形成了许多裂缝。因此，会发生悬崖坍塌和/或山体滑坡。为此，我们对可膨胀粘土矿物，特别是蒙脱石的形成机理进行了研究，并在常压、低温、低压条件下，从火山玻璃和火山碎屑流沉积中成功地形成了蒙皂石。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（16）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Rates of bacterially promoted dissolution of amorphous silica under no-nutrient conditions

无营养条件下细菌促进无定形二氧化硅溶解的速率

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Water-Rock Interaction (Wanty & Seal II (eds))(Taylor & Francis Group, London)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kawano;Motoharu;Tomta Katsutoshi
通讯作者：
Tomta Katsutoshi

温泉地すべりにおけるすべり面と粘土鉱物の関係

温泉滑坡滑面与粘土矿物的关系