Population Systematics of Takydromus tachydromoides (Reptilia : Squamata)

正如提案中计划的那样，在托卡拉群岛和大美群岛的一些岛屿以及九州南部的一些地方对Takydrom tachydromoide的新鲜标本进行了抽样，目前只有几个标本可用。然后，将抽样工作扩大到九州其余地区(长崎和大分)和邻近岛屿(如后藤岛和池崎)的其他地方，以及本州西部(京都)、本州中部(密歇根和岐福)、东京附近(茨城、本州中北部(石川)、本州东北部(仙台)和北海道(札幌)。特别努力从Yakushima岛的高海拔和低海拔地区获得新的材料，因为以前的一些作者指出，这些地区的种群可能在形态上彼此不同。从这些材料中获得组织，并进行分子系统发育分析。其余部分被保存并接受…检查从博物馆和其他研究人员那里借来的标本进行了更多的形态分析。从形态上看，托卡拉岛群的标本与九州+本州+北海道的标本之间存在显著的差异，但这两个组合或多或少被大美岛的标本连接在了一起。对线粒体12S和16S rRNA基因序列变异的分析表明，Tokara+OSumi种群和其余种群的整体之间存在明显的两极分化。这一结果，加上现有的古地理和古气候信息，有力地表明，这两个地区的种群实际上代表了不同的生物物种。另一方面，屋久岛岛上的海拔差异完全没有得到支持。岐阜市和更北部地区的所有样品之间的差异很小。这表明，来自日本北部的种群代表了晚更新世-全新世期间冰川后的快速扩散。较少

Just as planned in the proposal, sampling of fresh specimens of Takydromu tachydromoides was carried out in some islands of the Tokara and Osumi Island Groups, as well as in some localities of southern Kyushu, from which only a few specimens had been available yet. Then, sampling efforts were extended to other localities in the remaining region of Kyushu (Nagasaki and Oita) and adjacent islands (e.g., Goto Islands and Iki), as well as in Western Honshu (Kyoto), Central Honshu (Mie and Gifu), Vicinity of Tokyo (Ibaragi, North-central Honshu (Ishikawa), North-eastern Honshu (Sendai), and Hokkaido (Sapporo). Special efforts were made to obtain fresh materials from both high and low altitude areas of Yakushima Island, because some previous authors noted that the populations from these regions might be morphologically distinct from each other. Tissues were obtained from these materials and were subjected to molecular phylogenetic analyses. The remaining parts were preserved and subjected to … More morphological analyses together with other specimens loaned from museums and other researchers.Morphologically, prominent variations were recognized between samples from the Tokara Island Group and Kyushu+Honshu+Hokkaido samples, but these two assemblages were more or less bridged by the Osumi Island samples. Analyses of sequence variations in mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA genes yielded trees that indicate prominent dichotomy between the Tokara+Osumi populations and whole of the remainder. This result, along with available paleogeographical and paleoclimatic information, strongly suggests that populations from these two areas actually represent different biological species. On the other hand, altitudinal divergence on Yakushima Island was not supported at all. Very little variation was recognized among all samples from Gifu and more northern localities. This suggests that populations from the northern half of Japan represent rapid post glacier dispersals during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene period. Less