The Study of Socialization and Assessment Scale of Child Rearing Perspectives among types of Men and Women with Children Aged 36 months

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(1)Summary of Subjects : 200 mothers with jobs (150 at work and 50 on child-care leave) and 303 full-time mothers. The average age of the former was 32.98 ; the latter, 31.67. The number of families of a mother, a father, and a child/children was largest. The family members (except their husbands) whom the mothers relied on the most were their own mothers, and their mothers-in-law followed. Among the mothers at work, 41.5% had one child 39.0%, two. Among the full--time mothers, 46.7% had one child ; 40.7%, two.(2)Summary of Variables : (1)The child-care satisfaction/useful-life subscale and the child-care burden/anxiety subscale of the child-care perspective scale (CPS-M97) for mothers with children three or under of our work consisted each of six items. (2)A self-respect scale, evaluation of support from husbands, other family members, and fellow mothers (each 14 items), and child-care perspectives depending on their quantities of child-care conversation with their husbands and their … More sociality (child care gives mothers an opportunity for exchange and activities such as being on neighborly terms, and thereby mothers are nourished) were set.(3)Results and Discussion : (1)A significant negative correlation was observed between their quantities of child-care conversation with their husbands and their child-care burden/anxiety. (2)A significant positive correlation was observed between their evaluation of support form their husbands and other family members and their self-respect, suggesting that mothers are relieved from the feelings of isolation through support from their husbands and other family members and can consider themselves as important beings. (3)The self-respect of full-time mothers of negative-type child-care perspective is significantly lower than that of full-time mothers of ambivalent type child-care perspective. It seems that if child-care burden/anxiety is low in the same way, the mental health of full-time mothers can be enhanced if people around them make approaches to them to see one of the two child-care perspectives affirmatively.Note : There are four types of child-care perspective of two orthogonal axes of two subscales ; i.e., a negative type (low on the child-care satisfaction/useful-life scale and high on the child-care burden/anxiety scale), an ambivalent type (high on both the scales), a natural type (low on both the scales), and a affirmative type (high on the child-care satisfaction/useful-life scale and low on the child-care burden/anxiety scale).(4)(1)A questionnaire survey in Thailand for the purpose of comparison was conducted on 258 mothers, (2)a handbook of child-care support to full-time mothers and their family members was prepared, and (3)child care by fathers was studied and a ninety-page report of research results was prepared. Less