Satellite System

卫星系统

• 批准号: 465014794
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universität Stuttgart
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/465014794?language=en
• 关键词: Satellite; System

Space flight activities are currently in transition. This leads to a change from former concepts using reliable, cost intensive and low performance technologies towards approaches based on riskier, however cost efficient and highly performant technologies. This New Space development is currently lead by USA. In low Earth orbit (LEO) this development is already applied on a large scale and more and more compact, high performance and cost efficient commercial components are utilised on satellite missions. The exploitation of higher orbits with those components is however extremely challenging due to the high radiation conditions there. Even with radiation hard components these orbits are rarely used. Nonetheless, the exploitation of these orbits provides an immense potential to relieve the highly employed lower orbits and is extremely relevant for missions leaving the Earth orbit, since they have to pass these critical orbit areas.The University of Stuttgart’s Institute of Space Systems is aiming to advance the exploitation of MEO (Medium Earth Orbit) using the small satellite mission ROMEO (Research and Observation in Medium Earth Orbit), employing cost efficient and yet reliable technologies. The ROMEO satellite shall be launched to LEO and, by using its own propulsion system, will then reach an elliptical orbit that has its apogee in MEO and its perigee in LEO. This ensures an operation in the radiation belt and still a dependable disposal according to the European Code of Conduct for Space Debris Mitigation.The ROMEO mission has two major goals: The demonstration of new technologies basing on Commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) components within the environmental conditions of the MEO and the scientific observation of Earth and space weather.The engineering scientific goal of the ROMEO mission is the investigation of relevant technologies enabling future satellite missions that are exposed to critical radiation conditions; those are in particular a robust and powerful satellite avionics core, an innovative green propulsion system as well as an adaptive communication system. The mission furthermore includes an Earthshine telescope as scientific payload, to observe one of most important parameter for climate change, the Earth albedo – it is one of the key values to evaluate the Earth radiation budget.The apogee of the ROMEO mission’s target orbit is within the Van-Allen radiation belt. The radiation belt plays a major role for the space weather and shall be analysed by the ROMEO mission. For this purpose, the mission includes an instrument package measuring space radiation and the magnetic field of Earth. The unique shape and attitude of the ROMEO orbit makes the mission specifically interesting for space weather analysis.

空间飞行活动目前处于过渡阶段。这导致从以前使用可靠、成本密集和低性能技术的概念转变为基于风险更大、但成本效率更高和高性能技术的方法。这项新太空开发目前由美国领导。在近地轨道上，这一发展已得到大规模应用，越来越多的紧凑、高性能和成本效益高的商业部件被用于卫星任务。然而，由于那里的高辐射条件，利用具有这些成分的更高轨道极具挑战性。即使有辐射硬组件，这些轨道也很少被使用。尽管如此，利用这些轨道提供了巨大的潜力来缓解高度利用的较低轨道，并且与离开地球轨道的任务极为相关，因为它们必须经过这些关键的轨道区域。斯图加特大学空间系统研究所的目标是利用小型卫星任务ROMEO（中地球轨道研究与观测）推进MEO（中地球轨道）的开发，采用成本效益高且可靠的技术。“罗密欧”卫星将被发射到近地轨道，利用其自身的推进系统，进入远地点在近地轨道、近地点在近地轨道的椭圆轨道。这确保了在辐射带的操作，并根据《欧洲空间碎片减缓行为守则》进行可靠的处置。ROMEO任务有两个主要目标：在MEO的环境条件下演示基于商用货架（COTS）组件的新技术，以及对地球和空间天气的科学观测。ROMEO任务的工程科学目标是研究相关技术，使未来的卫星任务能够暴露在临界辐射条件下；特别是一个强大的卫星航空电子核心，一个创新的绿色推进系统以及一个自适应通信系统。该任务还包括一个Earthshine望远镜作为科学有效载荷，用于观测气候变化最重要的参数之一——地球反照率——它是评估地球辐射收支的关键值之一。罗密欧任务的目标轨道的远地点在范艾伦辐射带内。辐射带对空间天气起着重要作用，将由ROMEO任务对其进行分析。为此，该任务包括一个测量空间辐射和地球磁场的仪器包。罗密欧轨道的独特形状和姿态使得该任务对空间天气分析特别有趣。