Co-evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope

超大质量黑洞（SMBHs）和它们的宿主星系在过去80亿年的宇宙时间（z < 2）中共同进化，这一点从它们不进化的质量比中可以看出。这种耦合增长很可能是由于SMBH本身的气体调节或正在进行的恒星形成引发的超新星。我们正在通过测量早期宇宙（z ~ 6）的质量比来确定M_BH/ m_星系的质量比是否真正普遍（即在所有红移中都是恒定的）。这是通过我们批准的詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）周期1计划实现的，该计划针对HSC斯巴鲁战略计划中z ~ 6的12个SHELLQs类星体，包括成像和光谱。在z ~ 6，我们首次确定了(1)承载第一批SMBHs的星系的质量（和类型），(2)基于Balmer发射谱线的黑洞质量，以及(3)黑洞质量和Eddington速率的分布函数，这些都是理解早期SMBHs生长的关键。这一分析将与我们在宇宙后期（1 < z < 3）对SMBHs的研究相结合，以构建星系及其黑洞生长的完整图景。这是通过宇宙网完成的，这是JWST对宇宙场的成像调查。我们的SHELLQs程序和COSMOS-Web在遥远宇宙中类星体宿主星系的研究中起着主导作用。

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies co-evolve over the last eight billion years of cosmic time (z < 2) as evident by their non-evolving mass ratio. This coupled growth is likely due to gas regulation from the SMBH itself or supernova triggered through ongoing star formation. We are determining whether the mass ratio M_BH/M_galaxy is truly universal (i.e., constant at all redshifts) by measuring this mass ratio in the early Universe (z ~ 6). This is achieved through our approved James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cycle 1 Program that targets 12 SHELLQs quasars at z ~ 6 from the HSC Subaru Strategic Program, with both imaging and spectroscopy. For the first time at z ~ 6, we are determining the (1) masses (and types) of galaxies hosting the first SMBHs, (2) their black hole masses based on the Balmer emission lines, and (3) the distribution functions of black hole mass and Eddington rate, all key to understanding the growth of early SMBHs. This analysis is being combined with our study of SMBHs at later cosmic times (1 < z < 3) to construct a full picture of the growth of galaxies and their black holes. This is accomplished using the COSMOS-Web, a JWST imaging survey of the COSMOS field. Both our SHELLQs program and COSMOS-Web are playing leading roles in quasar - host galaxy studies in the distant Universe.