Co-evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope

超大质量黑洞（SMBH）和它们的宿主星系在过去80亿年的宇宙时间（z < 2）中共同进化，这一点可以从它们的非进化质量比中得到证明。这种耦合的增长可能是由于SMBH本身的气体调节或通过持续的星星形成引发的超新星。我们正在确定质量比M_BH/M_galaxy是否真正具有普遍性（即，通过测量早期宇宙（z ~ 6）的质量比，在所有红移下都是常数。这是通过我们批准的詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）第一周期计划实现的，该计划从HSC斯巴鲁战略计划中瞄准z ~ 6的12个SHELLQ类星体，包括成像和光谱学。在z ~ 6处，我们首次确定了（1）第一个SMBH所在星系的质量（和类型），（2）基于Balmer发射线的黑洞质量，以及（3）黑洞质量和爱丁顿速率的分布函数，所有这些都是理解早期SMBH生长的关键。这项分析正与我们对宇宙后期（1 < z < 3）SMBH的研究相结合，以构建星系及其黑洞生长的全貌。这是使用COSMOS-Web完成的，这是JWST对COSMOS领域的成像调查。我们的SHELLQs计划和COSMOS-Web都在遥远宇宙的类星体宿主星系研究中发挥着主导作用。

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies co-evolve over the last eight billion years of cosmic time (z < 2) as evident by their non-evolving mass ratio. This coupled growth is likely due to gas regulation from the SMBH itself or supernova triggered through ongoing star formation. We are determining whether the mass ratio M_BH/M_galaxy is truly universal (i.e., constant at all redshifts) by measuring this mass ratio in the early Universe (z ~ 6). This is achieved through our approved James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cycle 1 Program that targets 12 SHELLQs quasars at z ~ 6 from the HSC Subaru Strategic Program, with both imaging and spectroscopy. For the first time at z ~ 6, we are determining the (1) masses (and types) of galaxies hosting the first SMBHs, (2) their black hole masses based on the Balmer emission lines, and (3) the distribution functions of black hole mass and Eddington rate, all key to understanding the growth of early SMBHs. This analysis is being combined with our study of SMBHs at later cosmic times (1 < z < 3) to construct a full picture of the growth of galaxies and their black holes. This is accomplished using the COSMOS-Web, a JWST imaging survey of the COSMOS field. Both our SHELLQs program and COSMOS-Web are playing leading roles in quasar - host galaxy studies in the distant Universe.