Exploring factors affecting the efficiency of resistant catch crops to control the beet cyst nematode

甜菜囊肿线虫（Heterodera schachtii Schmidt）是甜菜最重要的害虫之一，150多年来一直是人们深入研究的主题。沙氏甜菜的管理依赖于寄主作物与非寄主作物的广泛轮作，抗性寄主的覆盖种植，以及培育抗性或耐受性甜菜品种。抗性作物刺激第二阶段沙克蒂血吸虫（J2）感染，但不允许线虫繁殖。根据这一效应，在甜菜种植前种植抗性作物可降低沙氏夜蛾种群密度，提高甜菜产量。然而，利用芸苔属捕获作物控制沙氏蜱在世界许多地方进行了研究，结果好坏参半。因此，抗线虫捕获作物对沙克蒂希氏蜱的有效性变化很大，有必要对其使用进行进一步研究，特别是不同国家和不同年份的不同研究人员得出的结果不同。在此基础上，我们希望进一步扩大油籽萝卜抗沙氏弧菌效果影响因素的研究。我们将开始确定一个抗线虫品种的潜力是否与沙氏蜱种群的表型和遗传特征有关。研究了J2附着微生物对植物根内J2渗透的影响及其对Meloidogyne spp.和P. penetrans.的生态作用。在本研究中，我们希望扩大沙氏小分枝杆菌J2附着体的研究，特别是微生物附着体与耐药油籽萝卜群体间的相互作用。毕竟，土壤类型对抗油籽萝卜防治沙氏夜蛾有效性的影响将在本项目中确定。确定影响抗线虫捕获作物潜力的因素对于填补我们对利用诱捕作物作为甜菜包囊线虫综合管理的一部分的理解的空白至关重要。

The beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, is one of the most important pests of sugar beet, and has been the subject of intensive investigations for over 150 years. Management of H. schachtii relies on a wide rotation of host crops with non-hosts, cover cropping with resistant hosts, and cultivating resistant or tolerant sugar beet cultivars. The resistant catch crops stimulate second stage juveniles (J2)of H. schachtii infection but do not permit nematode reproduction. According to this effect, the growing of resistant catch crops prior sugar beet should result in a reduction in the population density of H. schachtii and an increase in the yield of sugar beet. However, the use of Brassica catch crops to control H. schachtii has been investigated in many locations worldwide and mixed results have been obtained. It therefore appears that the efficiency of nematode-resistant catch crops towards H. schachtii is highly variable and further research into their use is necessary, especially as different results are obtained by different researchers in different countries and in different years. Based on our findings and findings of previous studies we want in this proposal to expand researches for investigating factors that impact the efficiency of resistant oilseed radish against H. schachtii. We will start to define if the potential of a nematode-resistant cultivar is related to the phenotypic and genetic characters of H. schachtii population. The ecological role of the J2-attached microbes and its effect on the J2 penetration into the plant roots were studied for Meloidogyne spp. and P. penetrans. In this proposal we want to expand the studies on the microbial attachment to J2 of H. schachtii, especially the interaction between the microbial attachers and the resistant oilseed radish in a population-specific manner. After all, the effect of the soil type on the effectiveness of the resistant oilseed radish to control H. schachtii will be defined in this project. Determining factors affecting the potential of nematode-resistant catch crops will be essential to fill gaps in our understanding of the use of trap crops as a part of integrated management of the beet cyst nematode H. schachtii.