Basic Mechanisms of Genetic Recombination

基因重组的基本机制

• 批准号: 04262103
• 负责人: OGAWA Hideyuki
• 金额: $ 27.26万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04262103/
• 关键词: Genetic recombination; RecA protein; RecA homologues; Rad51 protein; Transposon; Shufflon; Illegitimate recombination; Recombination hot spot; プラスミドシャフロンのDNA逆位; 組み換えホットスッポット; 抗原受容体遺伝子再構成; 相同的組換え; RecA蛋白質; ジャイレース依存の組換え; 遺伝子ターゲッティング; シャフロン

Genetic recombination is a fundamental mechanism by which parental traits of an organism are distributed to offspring. It provides a means of spreading a favorable allele and of eliminating an unfavorable allele in aspecies. Recombination must therefore have playd a crucial role in evolution of the genome. Recombination is also involved in various biological functions in a cell. It participates in repair of DNA damage, a primer formation of DNA replication, production of gene product diversities, alternative gene expression, and chromosome disjunction in meiosis I.Thus the study of recombination is crucial for thge understanding of the mechanisms of biological functions. To further our knowledge of fundamental problems of genetic recombination, a research group was organized supported by this grant. Main distingushed results obtained by this reserach group are as follows.1. The homologues of the recombination gene, recA, were successfully cloned from yeasts, chicken, mouse and human.2. … More A process of resolution of recombination intermediates formed by RecA to recombinant molecules are revealed.3. A recombinaion hot spot specific to mouse female was found and identified at the nucleotide sequence level on the chromosome 17.4. Two novel methods useful for study of genetic recombination were established.(1) A simple and easy method to get various chimera genes between homologues using a recE pathway of E.coli.(2) A comprehensive method to clone a specific site that made a genetic rearrangement from higher eukaryotes was estabilshed using in-gel competitive reassociation method.5. Various kinds of recombination proteins were identified and analyzed : for instance, Dhpl (S.pombe homologue of STPbeta in S.cerevisiae), Lim15 (lily homologues of Dmcl in S.cerevisiae), and RBP-Jkappa(mouse homologue of Su(H) in D.melanogaster).Thus a great advancement was made in analysis of basic recombination mechanism, methodology, and analysis of recombination mechanism in higher eukaryotes by this project. Less

基因重组是生物体亲本性状传递给后代的一种基本机制。它提供了一种在物种中传播有利等位基因和消除不利等位基因的方法。因此，重组一定在基因组的进化中发挥了至关重要的作用。重组还涉及细胞中的各种生物功能。它参与了DNA损伤的修复、DNA复制的引物形成、基因产物多样性的产生、替代基因的表达以及减数分裂I的染色体分离。因此，重组的研究对于理解生物功能的机制是至关重要的。为了进一步加深我们对基因重组基本问题的了解，在这笔赠款的支持下成立了一个研究小组。本课题组取得的主要识别结果如下：1.结果1.从酵母、鸡、小鼠和人中成功克隆了重组基因recA的同源序列。…揭示了RecA形成的重组中间体向重组分子拆分的过程。在染色体17.4的核苷酸序列水平上发现并鉴定了一个小鼠雌性特有的重组热点。建立了两种可用于基因重组研究的新方法：(1)一种利用E.ColiRess途径获得同源基因间各种嵌合体基因的简便方法。(2)建立了一种从高等真核生物中克隆发生基因重排的特定位点的综合方法。各种重组蛋白被鉴定和分析，如Dhpl(酿酒酵母中STPbeta的S.pombe同源物)、Lim15(百合中Dmc1的同源物)和RBP-Jkappa(小鼠SU(H)的同源物)，从而在分析重组的基本机制、方法学和高等真核生物的重组机制方面取得了很大进展。较少

项目成果

小川智子 篠原彰 小川英行: "真核生物の組換え蛋白質Rad51とRad52の機能と構造" 実験医学(羊土社)「トッピクス」. 12. 527-547 (1994)

小川智子、筱原晃、小川英幸：“真核重组蛋白 Rad51 和 Rad52 的功能和结构”实验医学（Yodosha）“专题”。 12. 527-547（1994）。

Y.Sekine,N.Eisaki & E.Ohtsubo: "Translational Control Production of Transposase and in Trasposition of Insertion Sequence 1S3." J.Mol.Biol.235. 1406-1420 (1994)

关根永崎

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M.Terasawa,A.Shinohara,Y.Hotta,H.Ogawa and T.Ogawa.: "Cooperation of RecA-like Rad51 and Lim15 proteins for searching and paring of homologous chromosomes in meiotic chromosomes of the Lily." Genes & Development.9(in press). (1995)

M.Terasawa、A.Shinohara、Y.Hotta、H.Okawa 和 T.Okawa.：“RecA 样 Rad51 和 Lim15 蛋白的合作，用于搜索和配对百合减数分裂染色体中的同源染色体。”