In dire need of protection of life: The dynamics between health and security during the Covid19 pandemic in conflict-affected territories in Colombia

迫切需要保护生命：哥伦比亚受冲突影响地区新冠病毒大流行期间健康与安全之间的动态

• 批准号: 468426775
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Solveig Richter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universidad del Rosario
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/468426775?language=en
• 关键词: dire; need; protection; life; dynamics

The Covid19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerabilities of populations in the fragile, conflict-ridden countries in the Global South, specifically in rural areas that are often characterized by an absence of basic health infrastructure and widespread state neglect in service and security provision. However, we hardly have any knowledge about the strategies of non-state actors in these areas to cope with (or even profit from) the effects of the Covid19 pandemic, be it local communities, indigenous and ethnic groups or armed actors. Colombia is a case in point: The peace agreement with the biggest rebel group FARC-EP in 2016 enshrined comprehensive prescriptions to address root causes of the conflict, most importantly rural development in order to achieve territorial peace. Yet, the Covid19 pandemic hit a highly vulnerable country, for two reasons: Firstly, the demobilization of the FARC-EP left a power vacuum which the Colombian state was not able to fill resulting in further erosion of public order and a dispersion of non-state armed groups. Secondly, the Colombian state has also not yet delivered its promises in the peace agreement with regard to rural development e.g., in health infrastructure and health systems (such as access to water, health access points). Thus, due to long-term state neglect many conflict-affected communities during the Covid19 pandemic faced a double challenge for protecting their life from health and security risks. The research project will thus ask: How can we explain differing local dynamics of health and security protection in rural areas and which strategies have proven effective and conductive for the ongoing peace process? The projects will analyse the effects of the Covid19 pandemic on the reconfiguration of territorial order after the peace agreement and the strategies of non-state actors to mitigate the spread of the Coronavirus. From a first initial observation we can find a broad variety of strategies, ranging from strict confinement measures by armed dissident groups to traditional community protection by indigenous groups and self-organized health networks in remote areas. We will acquire original data by applying a mixed-methods approach and compare the effects of the Covid19 pandemic with regard to other countries in the Global South and in a long-term perspective in Colombia by modelling our results. Our research project will thus considerably contribute to the academic and political discussion on strategies of health and security protection in rural areas during the Covid19 pandemic, a widespread phenomenon in countries of the Global South. The one-year research project will be embedded in ongoing interdisciplinary research projects at the University of Leipzig (Heisenberg programme), the Javeriana and Rosario and will profit from existing research collaboration with the CAPAZ research network (the German-Colombian Peace Institute).

Covid19大流行暴露了全球南部脆弱和冲突频发的国家人口的脆弱性，特别是农村地区的人口脆弱性，农村地区的特点往往是缺乏基本的卫生基础设施，国家普遍忽视提供服务和安全。然而，我们几乎不了解这些领域的非国家行为者应对(或甚至从Covid19大流行的影响中获利)的战略，无论是地方社区、土著和族裔群体还是武装行为者。哥伦比亚就是一个恰当的例子：2016年与最大的反叛组织哥伦比亚革命武装力量-人民军达成的和平协议规定了全面的处方，以解决冲突的根源，最重要的是农村发展，以实现领土和平。然而，Covid19大流行袭击了一个高度脆弱的国家，原因有两个：第一，哥伦比亚革命武装力量-人民军的复员留下了哥伦比亚政府无法填补的权力真空，导致公共秩序进一步受到破坏，非国家武装团体分散。其次，哥伦比亚政府还没有兑现和平协议中关于农村发展的承诺，例如在卫生基础设施和卫生系统(如获得水、卫生接入点)方面。因此，由于国家长期忽视，在Covid19大流行期间，许多受冲突影响的社区面临着保护自己的生命免受健康和安全风险的双重挑战。因此，研究项目将问：我们如何解释农村地区保健和安全保护的不同地方动态，以及哪些战略被证明对正在进行的和平进程是有效和有益的？这些项目将分析Covid19大流行病对和平协定后重新建立领土秩序的影响，以及非国家行为者减轻冠状病毒传播的战略。从最初的观察，我们可以发现各种各样的战略，从武装持不同政见者团体的严格监禁措施到土著团体的传统社区保护和偏远地区的自组织保健网络。我们将采用混合方法获取原始数据，并通过模拟我们的结果，比较Covid19大流行对全球南方其他国家的影响，以及对哥伦比亚的长期影响。因此，我们的研究项目将极大地促进在全球南方国家普遍存在的Covid19大流行病期间，关于农村地区保健和安全保护战略的学术和政治讨论。这一为期一年的研究项目将纳入莱比锡大学(海森伯格方案)、哈维利亚纳研究所和罗萨里奥研究所正在进行的跨学科研究项目，并将受益于与能力建设项目研究网络(德国-哥伦比亚和平研究所)现有的研究协作。