Chemical properties of toothbiushhed titanium restoration surface and chemical state of its abraded powder

使用两种无氟牙膏ETL和NSA对钛板进行牙刷处理，这两种牙膏分别含有较细的无定形二氧化硅磨粒和较粗的结晶磷酸氢钙磨料。用XGT、EPMA、SPM和XRD等分析手段研究了磨损面和磨损面的微观形貌、化学成分和钝化膜结构。主要研究结果如下：1)ETL和NSA磨损面观察到彗星尾状凹陷和毛线状划痕。后一个表面比前一个表面粗糙得多。牙膏的酸度越高，牙膏的花纹就越模糊，牙膏表面也越光滑。2)与韧窝结构(ETL)相对应，Si的局部富氧量较高，而沿划痕发际线(NSA)，Ca、P的含氧量较高。研磨材料中这些元素的含量随着牙膏浆液酸度的增加而减少。3)X射线光电子能谱分析表明，硅在表面氧化膜中以硅酸钛形式存在。4)钙和磷存在于表面较深的表面，而表面最外表面的元素可能以钛酸盐形式存在，包括钙和磷。5)在使用过的浆料中发现0.2~0.3μm的细小钛碎屑，其中一些是从磨料中分离出来的，另一些是附着在磨料上的。5)用过的浆料中钛的XPS谱宽而弱，但表明钛的反应产物的结合能高于钛的结合能。(2)X射线衍射表明，二水磷酸氢钙中的钙离子可能被钛离子取代。

Titanium plate was toothbrused using two fluoride-free toothpastes, ETL and NSA, containing finer abrasive grains of amorphous silica and coarser abrasive gains of crystalline calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, respectively. The micro morphology, chemical composition, and passive film structure of the brushed surface as well as abraded titanium debris were investigated by means of XGT,EPMA,SPM,and XRD.The results obtained are summarized as follows :1)Comet tail-like dimple pattern and hairline-like scratch pattern were observed in the ETL-and NSA-brushed surfaces. The latter surface was much rougher than the former one. Hie more acidic the toothpaste slurries, both the patterns became more vague, and the surfaces smoother. 2)Corresponding to the dimple pattern(ETL), Si was locally concentrated with higher amounts of oxygen, while along the scratched hairlines(NSA), Ca and P were concentrated with higher amounts of oxygen. The amounts of these elements from the abrasive materials decreased with the increasing acidity of the toothpaste slurries. 3)XPS analysis showed that Si existed as species like titanium silicate in the surface oxide film 4)While Ca and P existed in relatively deep surface of NSA, these elements in the outermost surface might exist as complicated species like titanate including Ca and P. 5)Fine titanium debris of 0.2〜0.3μm were found in the used slurries, some were isolated from, and the others attached to abrasives. 5)XPS spectrum of titanium in the used paste was broad and weak, but suggested the existence of reaction product of titanium with higher binding energy than TiO_2.6) XRD implied that Ca ions of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate might be substituted by Ti ion.