The pursuit of origin for trace elements and radionuclides in archaeological and cultural property iron with use of a new index

众所周知，前现代的制铁技术与现代有所不同，但详细的技术和对生产地点或原料供应地点的估计一直不清楚。本研究采用一定的分析方法，对挖掘或生产的铁产品（铁砂、铁矿石、铁渣、铁块等）进行了分析。本研究的第一个目的是建立铁生产分析方法的程序。研究的第二个目的是利用分析结果发现一种用于估计饲料供应地点的指数。研究的第三个目的是调查铁的制造过程。分析方法主要采用中子活化法和α光谱法。采用中子活化法测定多元素，采用α光谱法测定铀和钍同位素。研究结果如下：1。在α光谱法中，铁砂、铁矿石、铁渣、铁块和炉泥中的铀和钍同位素可以溶解，可以用离子交换色谱法和共沉淀法分别分离出来并测量。用该方法准确测定了^<238>U、^<234>U、^<232>Th和^<228> Th的放射性。利用α谱法首次发现了铁矿石和铁砂中^<234>U和^<230>Th之间的放射性不平衡。然而，其他样品的放射性平衡已经建立。放射性比^<238>U与^<232>Th在4个铁制造厂不同。该比值可作为估计原料供应地点的指标。在活化分析中，铁产品中的微量元素能够在几个ppm水平上确定。铁渣中钛钒浓度比与铁砂中钛钒浓度比密切相关。铁块中砷锑的浓度比与铁砂和铁矿石中砷锑的浓度比密切相关

It is well known that an iron manufacturing technique in pre-modern is different in modern, but the detailed technique and the estimating of the place of production or of the supply place of feed materials have been not made clear. In this study, we analyzed excavated or produced iron productions (iron sand, iron ore, iron slag, iron lump, et al.) by some analytical methods. The first purpose of the study was the establishment of procedures for analytical methods to iron productions. The second purpose of the study was a discovery of an index for estimating of the place of the supply place of feed materials using of the analytical results. The third purpose of the study was the investigation of the iron manufacturing process. The analytical methods were used mainly a neutron activation analysis and an α spectrometry. The neutron activation analysis was used for the determination of multi elements and α spectrometry was used for the determination of uranium and thorium isotopes being ra … More dionuclides. The results of the study are described below.1.In the α spectrometry, uranium and thorium isotopes in iron sand, iron ore, iron slag, iron lump and furnace clay were able to be dissolved, to be isolated separately by an ion-exchange chromatography and a co-precipitation method and to be measured. The radioactivities of ^<238>U, ^<234>U, ^<232>Th and ^<228> Th were accurately determined by this method.2.As a result of the α spectrometry, we first found out the radioactive non-equilibrium between ^<234>U and ^<230>Th in iron ore and iron sand. However, the radioactive equilibrium in other samples had been established.3.Radioactivities ratio ^<238>U to ^<232>Th were different from 4 iron manufacturing sites. This ratio may be index of the estimating of the supply place of feed materials.4.In the activation analysis, trace elements in iron productions were able to be determined at several ppm level. The concentration ratio Ti to V in iron slag correlated closely with the ratio in iron sand. And the concentration ratio of As to Sb in iron lump correlated closely with the ratio in iron sand and iron ore. Less