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Study on the reality of urban heat islands in Shanghai, China

上海城市热岛现状研究

基本信息

批准号：
16500650
负责人：
BAI Yingjiu
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Tohoku University of Community Service and Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study had two main purposes; the first was to pursue a cost-effective approach to developing observation and monitoring techniques for studying urban heat island (UHI) in large cities in developing countries, and the second was to clarify the effects of municipal parks on mitigating UHI.That was proved that between 1984 and 2005, there have been sharp temperature rises in Shanghai and Tokyo, two Asian mega cities. The annual mean temperature in Shanghai has increased by over 1.8℃ in the past 20 years. The results of field observations in 2005 clearly showed that the UHIs appear on cloudless days not only in autumn and winter, but also in spring and summer. The UHI reached its greatest intensity on cloudless nights between 22:00 and 23:00, when the UHI intensity was over 3.5℃ in July depending on the wind speed and direction. In particular, the lower UHI intensity in parks developed after 19:30, and the greatest difference of mean UHI intensity between parks and central urban residential areas reached 1.5℃ between 21:00-23:00 in July and August.

本研究的主要目的有两个，一是为发展中国家的大城市的城市热岛（UHI）研究开发经济有效的观测和监测技术，二是为了弄清城市公园对减轻城市热岛的效果。近20年来，上海年平均气温升高了1.8℃以上。2005年的野外观测结果表明，超高压不仅出现在秋冬两季的无云日，而且在春夏两季也有出现。7月份的城市热岛强度在22：00 ~ 23：00之间达到最大值，根据风速和风向的不同，该时段城市热岛强度超过3.5℃。特别是公园的城市热岛强度在19：30以后开始降低，在7 - 8月的21：00-23：00，公园与中心城区居民区的城市热岛强度最大差值达到1.5℃。