The Aesthetic Conscience and the Concept of Honor : Cultural Sociology of Noblesse oblige

本研究试图探讨审美良知与荣誉概念之间的关系，并阐明表达与一般规范，特别是贵族义务（高贵的出身或社会地位的人应该对他人表现出高尚的行为）之间的关系。研究结果如下：1.通过讨论表达行为的概念和荣誉的社会学思想（韦伯、齐美尔、涂尔干、戈夫曼和伯杰），我们考察了审美良知和荣誉概念之间的关系.一方面，通过考察山本尊友的《八隐》、新渡户稻造的《武士道》和三岛由纪夫的《三岛由纪夫三岛》对《八隐》的论述，阐明了武士道伦理学中作为日本贵族义务类型代表的表现活动和主体伦理;另一方面，通过探讨帕累托的精英概念和奥尔特加的贵族大众社会理论，阐明了“贵族义务”的社会学意义.我们通过仔细研究关于切腹自杀的历史和社会学文本，以及关于tokkotai（神风）的采访和文件，提前奠定了Noblesse，oblige的激进方面。本文通过对21位日本和9位俄罗斯的经济、政治、文化、宗教等领域的知名人士的访谈，阐明了“贵族义务”的具体表现形式。

This project attempts to examine a relation between the aesthetic conscience and the concept of honor and to elucidate a relation between Expression and Norm in general, Noblesse oblige (People of high birth or social position should behave nobly toward others) in particular. Our research results are as follows.1. We examined a relation between the aesthetic conscience and the concept of honor, by discussing the concept of expressive action and sociological ideas of honor (Weber, Simmel, Durkheim, Goffman and Berger).2. We elucidated the expressive activity and subjective ethics in the Bushido Ethics, which represents a Japanese type of Noblesse oblige, by examining Yamamoto Tunetomo's Hagakure, Nitobe Inazo's Bushido and Mishima Yukio's Yukio Mishima on Hagakure on the one hand, and the sociological significance of Nobless oblige, by discussing Pareto's concept of Elite and Ortega's Aristocratic theory of Mass Society on the other hand.3. We fore grounded the radical aspects of Noblesse, oblige, by scrutinizing historical and sociological texts about the hara-kiri, and interviews and documents about the tokkotai (kamikaze).4. We elucidated the actual forms of Noblesse oblige, by interviewing 21 Japanese leading figures and 9 Russian leading figures in variables fields, such as economic, political, cultural and religious fields.