The Aesthetic Conscience and the Concept of Honor : Cultural Sociology of Noblesse oblige

这个项目试图研究审美良知和荣誉概念之间的关系，并阐明表达和规范之间的关系，特别是贵族义务（出身或社会地位高的人应该高尚地对待他人）。我们的研究结果如下：我们通过讨论表达行为的概念和荣誉的社会学观念（韦伯、齐美尔、涂尔干、戈夫曼和伯杰），考察了审美良知和荣誉概念之间的关系。我们一方面通过考察山本敦友的《Hagakure》、稻野新部的《武士道》和三岛由纪夫的《三岛由纪夫论Hagakure》来阐释武士道伦理的表达活动和主观伦理，另一方面通过探讨帕雷托的精英概念和奥尔特加的《大众社会的贵族理论》来阐释武士道伦理的社会学意义。我们通过仔细研究关于切腹自杀的历史和社会学文本，以及关于“神风特攻队”的采访和文件，为《贵族，义务》的激进方面打下了基础。本文通过对21位日本和9位俄罗斯经济、政治、文化、宗教等变量领域的领军人物的访谈，阐明了“贵族义务”的实际形态。

This project attempts to examine a relation between the aesthetic conscience and the concept of honor and to elucidate a relation between Expression and Norm in general, Noblesse oblige (People of high birth or social position should behave nobly toward others) in particular. Our research results are as follows.1. We examined a relation between the aesthetic conscience and the concept of honor, by discussing the concept of expressive action and sociological ideas of honor (Weber, Simmel, Durkheim, Goffman and Berger).2. We elucidated the expressive activity and subjective ethics in the Bushido Ethics, which represents a Japanese type of Noblesse oblige, by examining Yamamoto Tunetomo's Hagakure, Nitobe Inazo's Bushido and Mishima Yukio's Yukio Mishima on Hagakure on the one hand, and the sociological significance of Nobless oblige, by discussing Pareto's concept of Elite and Ortega's Aristocratic theory of Mass Society on the other hand.3. We fore grounded the radical aspects of Noblesse, oblige, by scrutinizing historical and sociological texts about the hara-kiri, and interviews and documents about the tokkotai (kamikaze).4. We elucidated the actual forms of Noblesse oblige, by interviewing 21 Japanese leading figures and 9 Russian leading figures in variables fields, such as economic, political, cultural and religious fields.