A Study on Function of Ombudsman System and Ombudsman's Skills in Autonomies

本研究的目的是界定条件和澄清的挑战，福利监察员制度，有效地发挥作用，作为一个宣传系统的社会服务用户。本研究旨在了解已实施福利申诉专员制度之国家，其相关制度之功能与现况。1990年在东京中野区成立的“福利服务申诉处理委员会”是自治福利监察员的先锋。从1990年以后各市町村设立福利监察官的时间来看，在新的社会福利法制定和长期护理保险制度实施后，实施的次数增加了。然而，我们发现，收养的基本原则有时遵循不同的国内法和规则，这些制度不一定被称为“监察员”。“此外，各企业在相关系统的运作和活动范围方面也存在差异。 ...更多信息 S.通过研究，我们了解到，许多国家都认识到，监察员制度还不够普及，实际成果有限：投诉和处理的数量很少。本研究的对象是专门在社会福利领域设有监察员制度和/或与行政有关的监察员制度的自治机构，这些机构处理与自治行政有关的所有问题。在为期两年的研究期间，进行了调查和听证会。然而，我们收集的样本仅来自两具目标尸体的大约50个样本。这一数字清楚地表明，福利监察员制度并没有牢固地建立起来，作为那些想利用这些制度的人的一个支助制度，也没有得到普遍利用。考虑到在监察员和秘书处听证会上收到的意见，以及两年来在东京与目标国家举行的两次联络会议上分享的信息和意见，我们认识到，如果我们了解监察员制度的实际状况和挑战，该制度将具有更大的潜力。特别值得注意的是，在了解了监察员的运作方式的差异之后，向有关各方传播有关监察员的作用以及他们如何处理申诉的信息，将使福利监察员制度充满活力，并有助于为尚未采用相关制度的国家制定模式。少

The aims of this study are to define conditions and clarify challenges for a welfare ombudsman system to function efficiently as an advocacy system for social service users. This research finds the functions and the status quo of the relevant systems in the autonomies that have already implemented welfare ombudsman systems. The vanguard of an autonomous welfare ombudsman was The Complaints Handling Committee of Welfare Service, established in Nakano word, Tokyo, in 1990. Looking at the timings of welfare ombudsman adoptions in municipalities after 1990, we can see that the number of implementations increased after enactment of a new social welfare law and the adoption of a long-term care insurance system. We have found, however, the basics of adoptions sometimes follow different municipal laws and rules and that these systems are not necessarily referred to as "ombudsman." Also, there are differences found among autonomies in operations of relevant systems and in the range of activitie … More s. Undertaking this research, we have learned that many of the autonomies have realized that ombudsman systems are not yet well enough known and practical accomplishments have been limited: complaints and handlings are small in number. This study targets the autonomous bodies that have ombudsman systems exclusively in the social welfare field and/or administration-related ombudsman systems, which deal with all problems in regard to autonomy administration. Inquiry surveys and hearings were conducted throughout a two-year period for the study. The samples we collected, however, were only from about fifty autonomies of both targeted bodies. This number clearly shows that the welfare ombudsman systems are not firmly-established as a support system for those who want to use them and not universally utilized. Considering the views received in the hearings of ombudsmen and secretariats and also the information and opinions shared from two liaison meetings with targeted autonomies in Tokyo over two years, we have learned ombudsman systems have greater potential when we understand the actual state and challenges of the systems. Of special note, disseminating information to concerned parties on the roles of ombudsmen and how they deal with claims, after understanding differences in the manner of their operations, will vitalize welfare ombudsman systems and help to lay out models for those autonomies that have not adopted relevant systems yet. Less