Differential Optical Absorption Spektoscopy (DOAS) Observations from HALO

在SPP-1294的第一阶段，两种新型DOAS（差分光学吸收光谱法）仪器的设计和组装-简称为HALO mini-DOAS和2-D成像DOAS（2-D I-DOAS）光谱仪-为未来在HALO飞机上的部署提供了资金。目前（2009年底），这两种仪器都在等待最终的飞机认证，以参加即将到来的测试任务和科学任务。预计在目前仍在进行的项目结束之前（2010年下半年），将完成对哈洛仪器的测试。后续项目将致力于科学应用，即实际利用开发和建造这两个仪器的投资。这两个光谱仪被设计成监测一套大气痕量气体（例如，O3、NO2、CH 2 O、C2 O2 H2、BrO、OClO、IO、OIO、O 4、O2、H2O）和云参数（例如，气体、液体和固体水含量，云光学厚度）。由于这两种仪器可观测到的重要大气参数范围很广（下文报告中给出了最近的一些例子），这两种仪器中的一种或两种都被邀请参加即将进行的HALO试验飞行任务和科学飞行任务（例如，TALTH、TALTH/SALSA、CIRRUS-ML、CIRRUS-RS、OMO、POLSTRACC、HALO-EO、EU-SHIVA、SHIVA/NOX-HOX-XOX、NARVAL和ACRIDION）。充分利用测量的现场数据，例如，然而，从测得的倾斜柱量推断浓度分布将需要进一步的评估步骤。这些步骤将涉及与复杂的辐射传输计算结合数学反演技术的光谱测量的解释，这取决于应用的光化学，微物理或动力学建模的输出的约束。

Within the first stage of SPP-1294, the design and assembly of two novel DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry) instruments – briefly called HALO mini-DOAS and 2-D imaging DOAS (2-D I-DOAS) spectrometer- were funded for future deployments on the HALO aircraft. At present (late 2009) both instruments await final aircraft certification for participating in upcoming test missions and scientific missions. It is expected that testing of the instruments on HALO will be accomplished before the end of the still ongoing project (late 2010). The follow-on project will then be devoted to scientific applications i.e. to actually making use of the investment of developing and building the two instruments. The two optical spectrometers are design to monitor 1-D and/or 2-D spatial and temporal maps, vertical profiles, and/or column amounts of a suite of atmospheric trace gases (e.g., O3, NO2, CH2O, C2O2H2, BrO, OClO, IO, OIO, O4, O2, H2O) and cloud parameters (e.g., gaseous, liquid, and solid water contents, cloud optical thickness). Due to the wide range of important atmospheric parameters accessible for observation with the two instruments (of which some recent examples are given in the report below) either of the two instruments or both are invited to participate in the upcoming HALO test missions and scientific missions (e.g., TACTS, TACTS/SALSA, CIRRUS-ML, CIRRUS-RS, OMO, POLSTRACC, HALO-EO, EU-SHIVA, SHIVA/NOX-HOX-XOX, NARVAL, and ACRIDION). A full exploitation of the measured field data, e.g., to infer concentration profiles from the measured slant column amounts, however will require further evaluation steps. These steps will involve the interpretation of the spectroscopic measurements with sophisticated radiative transfer calculations in combination with mathematical inversion techniques, which are constraint by outputs of photochemical, microphysical, or dynamical modeling depending on the application.