Study on the Risk Assessment for Oil Spill from Wrecks

沉船溢油风险评估研究

• 批准号: 17560716
• 负责人: HARA Shouichi
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: National Maritime Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17560716/
• 关键词: Oil Spill; Wrecks; Simulation; Ecological Risk Assessment; Data Base; Calculation Model; ESI Map; GIS; 海洋保全; 海洋生態; 防災; ソフトコンピューティング

The researches regarding to the oil spill typically focus on the oil on the sea whereas this research addresses on the oil spill from sunken ships. Because there are many ships sinking with cargo oils, fuel oils or hazardous noxious substances in their compartments. However, we don't have framework to estimate the risks posed from the oil spill of sunken ships. Considering the background, this research project is comprised of three sub themes as follows.1. Oil Spill Modeling for WrecksWe developed a calculation model to compute the three-dimensional tidal current distribution. The model computes eddy diffusivities automatically by incorporating turbulence models. Meanwhile, we apply random walk method with a number of particles to express oil dispersion and diffusion on and in the water, Incorporating the model to estimate the oil release rate, described below, we apply them to the oil spill from hypothetical sunken ship set in the Tokyo bay.2. Oil Release Rate ModelingWe developed an empirical model to estimate the oil release rate from submerged tank under sea current. The model is based on the data obtained from series of oil spill experiments conducted with a water tunnel. It is confirmed that the model can estimate appropriate flow rate in the range of the experimental condition.3. Risk AnalysisWe studied two metrics for ranking the risk of sunken ships. One metric intends to estimate the adverse effect against fish culture industry and the other metric uses the ESI (Environmental Sensitivity Index) Map. With these metrics, the risks of two actual wrecks are estimated and compared Furthermore, to provide fundamental information to the above models or the risk analysis, we collect the information of ships sunken in the adjacent waters of Japan and build up them as database through GIS.

以往对溢油的研究主要集中在海上溢油，而本研究主要针对沉船溢油。因为有许多船舶在其舱室中装有货油、燃油或有害有毒物质而沉没。然而，我们没有一个框架来估计沉船漏油带来的风险。鉴于此背景，本研究主要包括以下三个子课题.建立了一个计算模型，用于计算三维潮流分布。该模型通过结合湍流模型自动计算涡流扩散系数。同时，我们应用随机游走方法，以多个粒子来表示油在水面上和水中的扩散和扩散，并将此模型用于估计油的释放速率，如下所述，我们将其应用于东京湾假设沉船的溢油事件.油释放速率模型建立了一个经验模型来估算海流作用下潜油舱的油释放速率。该模型是基于一系列的溢油实验水洞进行的数据。证实了该模型能够在实验条件范围内估算出合适的流量.风险分析我们研究了两个衡量沉船风险的指标。其中一个指标旨在估计对鱼类养殖业的不利影响，另一个指标使用ESI（环境敏感性指数）地图。此外，为了给上述模型或风险分析提供基础信息，我们收集了日本邻近沃茨的沉船信息，并通过GIS建立了数据库。

项目成果

Database of Wrecks in the Adjacent Waters of Japan

日本邻近水域沉船数据库

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Proceedings of 7^th General Meeting of National Maritime Research Institute (to appear)
• 作者: Miyata;0;Hara;S;Kuroda;T
• 通讯作者: T

米国NOAAでの油流出対策とリスク評価 -沈船の潜在的危険性-

美国NOAA溢油预防和风险评估 - 沉船的潜在危险 -

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 海上防災 128号
• 作者: Miyata;0;Hara;S;Kuroda;T;間島 隆博;宮田 修;黒田 貴子
• 通讯作者: 黒田 貴子

沈没船からの流出油による環境影響評価

沉船溢油环境影响评价

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 日本船舶海洋工学会 平成18年秋季講演会ポスターセッションポスター集
• 作者: 倉持 祐一;原 正一;黒田 貴子;間島 隆博
• 通讯作者: 間島 隆博

Environmental Risk due to Discharged Oil from Sunken Wrecks

沉船残骸排出的石油造成的环境风险

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: KANRIN, Bulletin of The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers Vol.3, November
• 作者: Hara;S
• 通讯作者: S

流出油防除のための環境影響評価と沈船の潜在的危険度評価

防溢油环境影响评价及沉船潜在危险评价

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: 油濁基金だより No.81
• 作者: 西尾 茂;桐本兼輔;Masa-aki Sato;Masa-aki Sato;Koji Kuraoka;Masa-aki Sato;Ko ji Kuraoka;佐藤 正昭;Koji Kuraoka;Masa-aki Sato;Koji Kuraoka;渡辺 喜保外3名;渡辺 喜保外3名;Yoshiyasu Watanabe et al.;Yoshiyasu Watanabe et al.;渡辺喜保外3名;渡辺喜保外3名;渡辺 喜保外3名;Yoshiyasu Watanabe et al.;渡辺喜保外3名;Yoshiyasu Watanabe et al.;間島 隆博;黒田 貴子
• 通讯作者: 黒田 貴子