Experimental analysis of ecological and genetic effects upon native rare species by the invasion of exotic related species

外来近缘物种入侵对本土稀有物种生态和遗传影响的实验分析

• 批准号: 17570018
• 负责人: KAWAMURA Kouichi
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Mie University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17570018/
• 关键词: exotic species; rare species; simulation; inbreeding depression; genetic introgression; microsatellite DNA; mitochondrial DNA; molecular ecology; シュミレーション; 近交弱勢; 個体群存続解析性分析

Mechanism of native species extinction by the invasion of exotic related species was analyzed by ecological and ethological methods, together with that of population genetics, under the rearing experiments of Rhode us ocellatus kurumeus (Rok) and R. o. ocellatus (Roo). Mating behavior and reproductive success were examined in aquaria (6 pairs of Rok and 3 pairs of Roo), and changes in genotype and gene frequencies were monitored in an artificial pond (50 pairs of Rok and 5 pairs of Roo). In addition, the condition of Rok extinction caused by the invasion of Roo was theoretically inferred by using computer simulation.In aquaria, Roo was superior to Rok in mating behavior of males and reproductivity of females. Mating success was lower between subspecies, especially between Roo (♂) X Rok (♀). Mating frequency was the highest in Rok, and the next between subspecies. However, genotype of larvae was the highest in hybrids between Roo ( ♀) X Rok (♂). In pond, genotype of larvae was the highest in hybrids, while it was the lowest in Rok, which has not been observed since the next year of experiments. Hybrids increased to 96% in the third year, and gene frequency of Roo in hybrids amounted to about 70% in all the loci examined.In conclusion, it was suggested that the factors causing the extinction of Rok by the invasion of Roo are different between individuals and genes. The extinction of Rok individuals is caused by mating behavior, reproductivity, heterosis in embryogenesis, and lacks of premating and postmating isolations, while that of genes is caused by the difference in gene fitness. The validity of this suggestion was confirmed by the computer simulation that incorporated the above-mentioned factors under the various initial conditions.

以Rhode us ocellatus kurumeus (Rok)和R. o.眼袋鼠 (Roo)。在水族箱（6 对 Rok 和 3 对 Roo）中检查了交配行为和繁殖成功率，并在人工池塘（50 对 Rok 和 5 对 Roo）中监测了基因型和基因频率的变化。另外，通过计算机模拟，从理论上推断了Roo入侵导致Rok灭绝的情况。在水族箱中，Roo在雄性交配行为和雌性繁殖能力方面均优于Rok。亚种之间的交配成功率较低，尤其是 Roo (♂) X Rok (♀) 之间。交配频率在 Rok 中最高，在亚种之间次之。然而，幼虫的基因型在 Roo (♀) X Rok (♂) 的杂交种中最高。池塘中幼虫基因型以杂交种最高，Rok最低，第二年实验后未观察到。第三年杂交种增加到96%，在所有检测的位点中，杂交种中Roo的基因频率达到70%左右。综上所述，Roo入侵导致Rok灭绝的因素因个体和基因而异。 Rok个体的灭绝是由交配行为、繁殖能力、胚胎发生中的杂种优势以及交配前和交配后隔离的缺乏引起的，而基因的灭绝是由基因适应度的差异引起的。在各种初始条件下结合上述因素的计算机模拟证实了该建议的有效性。

项目成果

Origin and dispersal of bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus

翻车鱼 Lepomis Macrochirus 的起源和扩散

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology 16
• 作者: Kawamura K;Yonekura R;Katano O;Taniguchi Y;Saitoh K
• 通讯作者: Saitoh K

Changes in distribution of bitterlings, and effects of urbanization on populations of bitterlings and unionid mussels in Takara River system, Kyushu, Japan

日本九州宝川水系苦蚌分布变化以及城市化对苦蚌和贻贝种群的影响

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 29
• 作者: Onikura T;Nakajima J;Eguchi K;Inui R;Hika E;Miyake T;Kawamura K;Matsui S;Oikawa S
• 通讯作者: Oikawa S

The genetic structure of endangered indigenous populations of the amago salmon, Oncorhynchus mason ishikawae, in Japan

日本濒临灭绝的本土鲑鱼 Oncorhynchus mason ishikawae 种群的遗传结构

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Conservation Genetics In press
• 作者: Kawamura K;Kuobota M;Furukawa;M;Harada Y
• 通讯作者: Harada Y

多々良川水系におけるタナゴ類の分布域の推移とタナゴ類・二枚貝の生息に及ぼす都市化の影響

塔塔拉河水系苦鱼分布区变化及城市化对苦鱼和双壳类栖息地的影响

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 水環境学会誌 48
• 作者: 鬼倉徳雄;中島 淳;江口勝久;乾 隆帝;比嘉枝利子;三宅琢也;河村功一;松井誠一;及川 信
• 通讯作者: 及川 信

Cross breeding

杂交育种

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Encyclopedia of fisheries science (ed. By Fisheries Research Agency)
• 作者: Ohata;M. & Wada;K.;稲森悠平;Kawamura K
• 通讯作者: Kawamura K