Gerüstproteine der Gerste in der Aktinreorganisation und Krankheitsentwicklung

植物病害的易感机制越来越受到科学界和植物育种工作者的关注。在大麦中，小ROP(植物的Rho)GTP酶RACB是与白粉病真菌Blumeria graminis f.sp相互作用的敏感因子。霍尔迪(BGH)。遗传证据表明，BGH通过操纵RACB的功能来解决大麦的细胞骨架问题。然而，这种真菌所利用的ROP功能的确切机制还没有被全面了解。大麦基因组的新注释和实验证据表明，大麦在叶片中表达五种与RACB直接相互作用的支架蛋白(RICS为：ROP-Interactive和KRIB基序包含蛋白)。在双子叶植物中，远亲RIC蛋白与ROPs一起影响细胞骨架。本项目的目的是分析大麦RIC蛋白的功能，并了解它们在RACB和BGH介导的大麦细胞骨架重组中的作用。在实验上，我们将展示RACB与酵母和大麦中单个RIC蛋白以及含有RIC的蛋白质复合体的相互作用。这些蛋白在大麦中的瞬时和稳定过表达表明，这些蛋白在大麦对BGH的细胞自主性和全株抗性或敏感性中起到了贡献。诱导了互补的瞬时基因沉默和RNA引导的稳定的内切酶介导的基因功能丧失，并研究了它们对宿主-寄生虫相互作用的影响。此外，新为大麦建立的丝状肌动蛋白细胞骨架的细胞生物学标记将用于研究遗传因素对活细胞细胞骨架的影响。除此之外，还将对RACB-RIC复合体的新成分进行生化鉴定和功能测试。遗传学和细胞生物学相结合的方法将进一步阐明RACB介导的大麦感病机制，从而系统地评价叶片表达的RICS在感病和细胞骨架组织中的功能。

The mechanisms of plant disease susceptibility are of increasing interest to the cscientific community and to plant breeding. In barley, the small ROP (RHO of Plants) GTPase RACB is a susceptibility factor in interaction with the powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh). Genetic evidence suggests that Bgh addresses the barley cytoskeleton by manipulating functions of RACB. However, the exact mechanisms of ROP functions exploited by the fungus are not comprehensively understood. The new annotations of the barley genome and experimental evidence suggest that barley expresses five scaffold proteins expressed in the leaf (RICs for: ROP-Interactive and CRIB motif-containing protein) that interact directly with RACB. Distantly related RIC proteins in dicotyledonous plants, together with ROPs, affect the cytoskeleton. The aim of this project is to analyse the function of barley RIC proteins and to understand their contribution to RACB- and Bgh-mediated reorganization of the barley cytoskeleton. Experimentally, we are going to show the interaction of RACB with individual RIC proteins and with RIC-containing protein complexes in yeast and barley. Transient and stable overexpression of the proteins in barley show the contribution to cell autonomous and whole plant resistance or susceptibility to Bgh. Complementary transient gene silencing and stable RNA-guided endonuclease-mediated loss of gene function are induced and investigated for their effect on the host-parasite interaction. In addition, cell biological markers of the filamentous actin cytoskeleton, which are newly established for barley, will be used to study the influence of genetic factors on the cytoskeleton in living cells. Beyond this, new components of the RACB-RIC complexes will be biochemically identified and tested for function. The combination of genetic and cell biological approaches will further elucidate the mechanisms of RACB-mediated susceptibility in barley, thereby systematically assessing the function of leaf-expressed RICs in susceptibility and cytoskeletal organization.