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Evaluation of Ground Motion for Urban Structures by Near Field Earthquake

近场地震对城市结构地震动的评价

基本信息

批准号：
08248107
负责人：
OHMACHI Tatsuo
金额：
$ 63.3万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To mitigate urban earthquake disaster, we have to take in account effects of near-field ground motion in earthquake resistant design of urban facilities as well as in urban planning. Such process may include specification of design earthquake motion and/or seismic loading, and development of seismic micro-zoning maps. The research topic of our group aims to facilitate the process from engineering points of view. The topic of this group was sub-divided into the following three sub-topics. Each sub-topic was originally assigned to 12 researchers consisting of our group, but most researchers have involved in not only one sub-topic but also two or three.1. Input Ground Motion and Seismic Loading.Near-field ground motion and its effects on earth pressure, liquefaction potential and ground displacement have been studied to obtain general guidelines specifically used for structural design of urban facilities such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, and buried pipelines.2. Worst Near-field Motion and Its EffectsIn structural design and disaster management, we have to pay attention to special cases where standard design motion and loading are exceeded in somehow or other. Studies under this sub-topic have included causes and effects of worst cases such as the so-called seismic disaster belt and near-field effects on important structures like dams.3. Seismic Micro-zonationSince ground motion intensity varies due to local site effects, we should bear in mind the variety in urban planning and design of lifeline systems. The distribution of higher seismic intensity in the case of the 1995 Hyogoken-nanbu earthquake has been evaluated taking into account source and path effects as well as topographical and geological irregularities, and an effective procedure has been developed to detect the local site effects by means of microtremor measurement.

为了减轻城市地震灾害，在城市设施抗震设计和城市规划中必须考虑近场地震动的影响。这一过程可能包括设计地震运动和/或地震荷载的规范，以及地震微区划图的编制。我们小组的研究课题旨在从工程角度促进这一过程。这一组的专题又细分为以下三个分专题。每个子课题最初分配给本课题组的12名研究者，但大多数研究者不仅参与了一个子课题，而且参与了两个或三个。输入地震动和地震荷载研究了近场地震动及其对土压力、液化势和地面位移的影响，以获得专门用于建筑物、桥梁、隧道和埋地管道等城市设施结构设计的一般准则.在结构设计和灾害管理中，我们不得不注意以某种方式超过标准设计运动和载荷的特殊情况。在这一子专题下的研究包括最坏情况的原因和影响，如所谓的地震灾害带和对重要结构如大坝的近场效应。地震小区划由于地震动强度因局部场地效应而异，因此在城市规划和生命线系统设计时，我们应注意其多样性。在1995年兵库县南部地震的情况下，较高的地震烈度的分布进行了评估，考虑到源和路径的影响，以及地形和地质的不规则性，并已开发出一个有效的程序来检测通过微动测量的本地网站的影响。