Experimentelle Prüfung von alltäglichen Motivationsprozessen in Partnerschaften durch Ecological Momentary Interventions

本研究项目的目标是DFG“亲密夫妻关系中的内隐动机动力学”项目的持续发展，该项目显示了动机在夫妻关系中的短期动机和调节过程中的重要性：动机倾向通过动机状态引导、选择和激励行为以实现特定目标。当达到预期目标状态时所经历的情感取决于当前所经历的动机状态（动机放大的情感），这一过程路径可能解释动机倾向与关系质量之间的关联。动机倾向的这种功能性的、动态的行为模式，由当前动机所中介，是“动机满足动力学”（DynaMoS）模型的内容，这在之前的项目中通过对伴侣相关的共同动机的微观纵向分析得到了相关的证实。该研究项目建立在这些发现的基础上，并通过在夫妇日常生活中基于智能手机的实验微干预（“生态瞬间干预”）的帮助下测试假设机制的功能模式，解决了DynaMoS模型过程路径因果关系的基本问题。它将侧重于全面理解公共动机领域内的动机系统。除了考虑这一过程的时间成分外，关系特定行为和情感的表现形式将以多种方式收集：体验抽样中的特定自我和伴侣报告将通过不引人注目的移动传感和文本信息的内容分析加以补充。在这个项目中，我们遵循了大量研究人员的集体呼吁，以实现当前面向未来的人格研究的愿望：(a)研究动机、情感和认知过程的共同相互作用；(b)将动态的个人内部过程的微观层面与个体间差异的宏观层面联系起来；(c)考虑个人内部过程的因果关系，特别是那些在人格特质和社会结果之间起联系作用的过程。此外，亲密关系中动机微动力学的因果方法和日常生活中的自然评估为（夫妻）治疗环境中基于证据的干预措施的发展提供了知情基础，适合日常使用。除了更好地理解亲密关系中的动机过程外，该项目还对心理人格、动机和关系研究以及应用实践的整合做出了重要贡献。

The goal of this research project is a consistent continuation of the DFG project "Dynamics of implicit motives in intimate couple relationships", which showed the importance of motives for short-term motivation- and regulation processes in couple relationships: Motive dispositions orient, select and energize behavior towards the attainment of specific goals via motivational states. The experienced affect when reaching the desired goal state depends on the currently experienced motivational state (affect amplification by motivation), a process path that might explain the associations between motive dispositions and relationship quality. This functional, dynamic mode of action of motive dispositions, mediated by the current motivation, is the content of the "Dynamics of Motive Satisfaction" (DynaMoS) model, which was correlatively confirmed in the previous project by micro-longitudinal analyses for partner-related communal motives.The research project builds on these findings and addresses the fundamental question of the causality of the process paths of the DynaMoS model by testing the functional mode of action of the postulated mechanisms with the help of smartphone-based experimental microinterventions in the everyday life of couples ("ecological momentary interventions"). It will focus on comprehensively understanding the motivational system within the communal motive domain. In addition to considering the temporal component of the process, the manifestations of relationship-specific behavior and affect will be collected multimodally: Specific self and partner reports in experience sampling will be complemented by unobtrusive mobile sensing and content analysis of text messages. With this project we follow the collective call of a large number of researchers to fulfill the current desiderata of a future-oriented personality research: (a) to investigate the joint interplay of motivational, affective, and cognitive processes, (b) to link the microlevel of dynamic intrapersonal processes with the macrolevel of interindividual differences, and (c) to consider the causality of intrapersonal processes, especially those processes that act as a link between personality traits and social outcomes. Additionally, the causal approach to motivational microdynamics in intimate relationships and the natural assessment in everyday life provides an informed basis for the development of evidence-based interventions in (couple-)therapeutic contexts, suitable for everyday use. In addition to a better understanding of motivational processes in intimate relationships, the project makes an important contribution to the integration of psychological personality, motivation, and relationship research, as well as applied practice.