What makes them ionic liquids?

离子液体是一类新型的液体，因其独特的性质和作为功能液体的潜在用途而备受关注。其独特的热行为表现为在较宽的温度范围内预熔、过冷和复杂热历史的存在。为了阐明它们的独特性，我们用量热法、拉曼光谱和核磁共振弛豫测量等方法对其进行了系统的研究，以期更深入地了解其机理。研究表明，烷基链的柔韧性和各种构象是造成其独特性的重要因素之一。最近发现，在离子液体表面溅射沉积Au会在液体中产生纳米颗粒，而不需要额外的稳定剂。小角度x射线散射实验表明，在一定温度下，离子液体的类型和捕获离子液体的温度是决定离子液体粒径大小的决定性因素。

Ionic liquids constitute a new class of liquids, which attract much attention because of their characteristic properties and potential utilities as functional liquids. Unique properties are remarkably manifested in their thermal behaviors such as premelting over a wide temperature range, excessive supercooling, and the existence of complex thermal histories. To elucidate their uniqueness, we have made systematic studies with calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy and relaxation measurements of NMR, aiming at deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism The studies show that one of most important factors to cause the uniqueness is the flexibility of alkyl chains and various conformations.It was recently discovered that sputter deposition of Au onto the surface of an ionic liquid generates nanoparticles in the liquid with no additional stabilizing agents. With small-angle X-ray scattering experiments, it is revealed that the particle size is relatively uniform for a fixed temperature and that the definitive factors to determine the size are the type of ionic liquid and temperature of the capture ionic liquid.