Research on advanced communication environment for shelters in large-scale disasters

这项研究揭示了灾后避难所疏散人员的沟通需求，并主张为避难所的疏散人员开发一种全新的沟通服务，以保持与避难所外以及其他避难所的沟通渠道至关重要。然后，我们提出了开发此类服务的假设和要求，并展示了一个服务和系统概念，称为“庇护所通信系统（SCS）”。SCS由一台连接到互联网的计算机（称为收容所服务器）和一组个人计算机（称为收容所pc）组成，每个收容所一台，也通过适当的互联网接入连接（如高速分组接入（HSPA））连接到互联网。避难所服务器和避难所pc共同为避难所内外的人提供信息通信服务。在东日本3·11大地震后的灾后恢复中，在东松岛市建立了多跳无线网络，并使用开发的SCS原型为避难所提供了SCS服务。

This research sheds light on communication needs of evacuees in shelters during post-disaster period and advocates that it is essential to develop a completely new communication service for those in shelters to maintain communication channels with those outside shelters as well as with those in other shelters. We then present assumptions and requirements in developing such service and show a service and system concept, termed"Shelter Communication System(SCS)". SCS is composed of a computer(termed Shelter Server) connected to the Internet and a set of personal computers(termed shelter PCs), one in each shelter, also connected to the Internet via an appropriate Internet access connection such as High Speed Packet Access(HSPA). Shelter Server and Shelter PCs cooperatively provide a message communication service for those in shelters and those outside shelters. A multi-hop wireless network was built and SCS service was provided for a shelter using a developed SCS prototype in Higashi-Matsushima City on the occasion of disaster recovery after March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake.