Research on advanced communication environment for shelters in large-scale disasters

这项研究揭示了灾后避难所疏散人员的通信需求，并倡导为避难所内的人开发一种全新的通信服务，以保持与避难所外和其他避难所内的人的沟通渠道。然后，我们提出了发展这种服务的假设和要求，并展示了一个服务和系统概念，称为“避难所通信系统(SCS)”。SCS由一台连接到互联网的计算机(称为庇护所服务器)和一组个人计算机(称为庇护所PC)组成，每个庇护所中有一台，也通过适当的互联网接入连接(如高速分组接入(HSPA))连接到互联网。庇护所服务器和庇护所PC共同为庇护所内和庇护所外的人员提供消息通信服务。在日本东部3月11日大地震后的灾难恢复期间，在东松岛市使用开发的SCS原型建立了多跳无线网络，并为避难所提供了SCS服务。

This research sheds light on communication needs of evacuees in shelters during post-disaster period and advocates that it is essential to develop a completely new communication service for those in shelters to maintain communication channels with those outside shelters as well as with those in other shelters. We then present assumptions and requirements in developing such service and show a service and system concept, termed"Shelter Communication System(SCS)". SCS is composed of a computer(termed Shelter Server) connected to the Internet and a set of personal computers(termed shelter PCs), one in each shelter, also connected to the Internet via an appropriate Internet access connection such as High Speed Packet Access(HSPA). Shelter Server and Shelter PCs cooperatively provide a message communication service for those in shelters and those outside shelters. A multi-hop wireless network was built and SCS service was provided for a shelter using a developed SCS prototype in Higashi-Matsushima City on the occasion of disaster recovery after March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake.