in vivo Observation of Synapse Remodeling

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We attempted to elucidate the synapse remodeling and its underlying mechanisms, e.g glial contribution, mainly by using in vivo multiphoton microscopy.1)glutamate could be an attractant only to activated microglia, 2) microglia could rescue the damaged neurons by direct contact onto the damaged site. 3) in developing cortex, microglia contribute to the generation of synapses. In addition, in the mature cortex, there are two subclasses of synapses, stable synapses with a larger head size, and unstable synapses with a smaller size in head. In case of pathological condition, such as chronic pain model, unstable synapse were preferentially eliminated and new spines were replaced with such a preexisting unstable synapses.