Proximate and ultimate drivers of an unusual adult sex ratio in redfronted lemurs (Eulemur rufifrons)

红额狐猴（Eulemur rufifrons）成年性别比例异常的直接和最终驱动因素

• 批准号: 513620963
• 负责人: Dr. Claudia Fichtel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Soziobiologie/ Anthropologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/513620963?language=en
• 关键词: Proximate; ultimate; drivers; unusual; adult

In most mammalian species, including humans, males and females exhibit differences in age-specific survival, usually resulting in female-biased adult sex ratios (ASR). Data on age and sex-related variation in health and survival can reveal fundamental sex differences in biological adaptations, but such data are extremely scarce for wild populations and unavailable for species with unusually biased ASRs. The main objectives of our proposed study are therefore (i) to determine age- and sex-specific survival patterns for a wild population of redfronted lemurs with male-biased ASR, to assess (ii) age- and sex-specific variation in determinants of health and survival, as well as (iii) mechanisms that contribute to survival to understand the patterns and dynamics of their sex ratios from birth to death. To achieve these objectives, we will combine three data sets, i.e., long-term demographic data, hormonal, genetic and behavioral data from previous studies, and new physiological and behavioral data. By examining sex- and age-related variation in survival, immunocompetence, parasitism, frailty, social buffering and risk-taking, our study will be among the first to investigate the adaptive significance and proximate mechanisms underlying sex differences in health and survival in a wild primate population. As such, it will also contribute comparative perspectives for a better understanding of the human male-female health-survival paradox as well as constitute one of the most comprehensive analyses of the drivers of sex ratio variation across the lifespan in wild mammals.

在包括人类在内的大多数哺乳动物物种中，雄性和雌性在特定年龄的存活率方面表现出差异，通常导致雌性偏向的成年性别比（ASR）。有关健康和生存方面与年龄和性别相关的变化的数据可以揭示生物适应方面的根本性性别差异，但此类数据对于野生种群来说极其稀缺，对于具有异常偏见的自闭症谱系障碍的物种来说也无法获得。因此，我们提出的研究的主要目标是（i）确定年龄和性别特异性生存模式的野生种群红额狐猴与男性偏见的ASR，评估（ii）年龄和性别特异性变化的健康和生存的决定因素，以及（iii）有助于生存的机制，以了解他们的性别比从出生到死亡的模式和动态。为了实现这些目标，我们将结合联合收割机三个数据集，即，长期的人口统计学数据，以前研究的激素，遗传和行为数据，以及新的生理和行为数据。通过研究生存，免疫能力，寄生，脆弱，社会缓冲和冒险的性别和年龄相关的变化，我们的研究将是第一个调查适应意义和接近机制的性别差异在野生灵长类动物种群的健康和生存。因此，它还将有助于更好地理解人类男女健康生存悖论的比较视角，并构成对野生哺乳动物整个生命周期性别比例变化驱动因素的最全面分析之一。