Self-organization and horizontal binding forces: local authorities in ancient Judaism from the 6th century BCE to the 1st century CE.

该项目调查了自公元前6世纪至公元前1世纪地方当局发起的自组织进程，并询问了横向约束力及其与当地犹太社区和当地社会的关系。犹太社区的地方当局群体大多是非正式的，在组织上是合议的，通过共同的监管需要，在地方一级形成治理进程。地方当局的发展及其意义的自我组织的犹太社区在600年的研究期间，将分析在城市，民间社会复杂的空间，以及在农村地区。分析将针对不同的地点（朱迪亚、散居地）和不同形式的国家（巴比伦、波斯、希腊化王国、罗马）进行。该项目的目的是调查地方当局的历史发展，历时和共时的功能和意义，为当代犹太社区和当地社会。为此，来源分为两个论文根据体裁：1）“史学”为导向的文本（或神学影响的历史叙事史学）和2）虚构的叙述。作为平行的案例研究，论文，因此必然在他们的方法论不同，但都在概念上追求在其源分析的中心问题，调查横向约束力的自组织过程中，在地方一级的监管需求，凝聚力和认可方面。由于时间跨度大、地理多样性和国家地位的不同形式，有可能进行长期的比较评估，以便能够具体说明各个国家和地方秩序安排中横向约束力的复杂性和差异。

The project investigates the self-organization processes initiated by local authorities from the 6th century BCE to the 1st century CE and asks both about the horizontal binding forces and about their relation to the local Judean community and the local society. The group of local authorities in Judean communities, which were mostly informal and collegial in organization, shapes governance processes at the local level through shared regulatory needs. The development of local authorities and their significance for the self-organization of Judean communities in the 600-year period under study will be analyzed in urban, civil society complex spaces as well as in rural regions. The analysis will be carried out for different locations (Judea, Diaspora) and for different forms of statehood (Babylonia, Persia, Hellenistic kingdoms, Rome). The aim of the project is to investigate both the historical development of local authorities diachronically and synchronically their function and significance for the contemporary Judean community and local society. To this end, the sources are split in two dissertations according to genre: 1) 'historiographically' oriented texts (or theologically influenced historical-narrative historiography) and 2) fictional narratives. As parallel case studies, the dissertations therefore necessarily differ in their methodological approach, but both conceptually pursue in their source analysis the central question of investigating horizontal binding forces in self-organization processes at the local level under the aspects of regulatory needs, cohesion, and recognition. Due to the wide time frame, the geographical diversity and the different forms of statehood, comparative evaluations in the longue durée are possible in order to be able to specify the complexity and differentiation of horizontal binding forces in various state and local arrangements of order.