繊毛虫類の種間における防御機構の研究

纤毛虫物种防御机制研究

• 批准号: 09640752
• 负责人: HARUMOTO Terue
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Nara Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09640752/
• 关键词: ciliates; Blepharisma; Climacostomum; extrusome; Dileptus; interspecific relationship; chemical defense; エクストルゾーム

1. Toxicity of pigment blepharismin of Blepharisma japonicum-----we purified blepharismin and oxyblepharismin (the pigment generated from blepharismin under oxygen and light), and studied their toxicity and phototoxicity to several diiates. Blepharismin showed strong toxicity and phototoxicity to variety of ciliates, but B.japonicum was resistant to blepharismin. Oxyblepharismin also possessed toxicity and phototoxicity. The toxic properties of blepharismin and oxyblepharismin were compared with plant pigment, hypericin, and it was found that blepharismin and oxyblepharismin are characteristic in their strong intrinsic toxicity. In this study, the mechanism of chemical defense in B.japonicum was clarified ; B.japonicum possesses pigment blepharismin which is not toxic to Blepharisma itself but toxic to other ciliate and B.japonicum extrudes the pigments when cells are attacked.2. Structure and toxicity of possible defensive toxin in Climacostomum virens----- When carnivorous ciliate Dileptus margaritifer attacks C.virens , D.margaritifer retreated. The possible defensive toxin in C.virens was purified and the structure was determined. It was established as l, 3-dihydoxy-5-[(Z)-2'-nonenyl] benzene, and named Climacostol. The structure was confirmed by the total synthesis.3. Defensive function of trichocysts in Paramecium-----trichocysts in Paramecium are extrusomes for defense. In this study, we investigated the defensive function against variety of ciliates and other protozoans. Defensive function of trichocysts was remarkable against C.virens, Echinoshaerium akamae, E.nucleofilum, but it was not noticeable to Heliophrya erhardi (suctoria) and Amoeba proteus.

1.日本小眼蕈甲色素小眼蕈甲素的毒性- Blepharismin对多种纤毛虫具有较强的毒性和光毒性，但日本小球藻B对Blepharismin具有抗性。同时，该毒素也具有一定的毒性和光毒性。通过与植物色素、金丝桃素的毒性比较，发现其具有较强的内在毒性。本研究阐明了B.japonicum的化学防御机制：B.japonicum具有色素眼睑毒素，该色素对眼睑毒素本身无毒，但对其它纤毛虫有毒性，当细胞受到攻击时，B.绿色爬口线虫可能的防御性毒素的结构和毒性-当肉食性纤毛虫Dileptus margaritifer攻击绿色爬口线虫时，Dileptus margaritifer退缩。纯化了绿毛壳菌可能的防御性毒素，并对其结构进行了测定。它被确定为1，3-二羟基-5-[（Z）-2 '-壬烯基]苯，并命名为Climacoconyl。通过全合成证实了其结构.草履虫包囊的防御功能-草履虫包囊是防御的外泌体。在这项研究中，我们调查了防御功能对各种纤毛虫和其他原生动物。孢囊对绿刺蛾、赤棘球蚴、核丝棘球蚴的防御作用显著，而对艾氏太阳眼蜱和变形阿米巴的防御作用不明显。

项目成果

杉林里香 他: "Climacostomumに対するゾウリムシのトリコシストの防御機能と防御のメカニズム" 原生動物学雑誌. 31・1. 32 (1998)

Rika Sugibayashi等：“草履虫毛囊虫对Climacostumum的防御功能和防御机制”原生动物学杂志31・1.32（1998）。

Masayo Noda Terazima, Hideo Iio & Terue Harumoto: "Toxic and phototoxic properties of the protozoan pigments Blepharismin and oxyblepharismin." Photochem.Photobiol.69 (1). 47-54 (1999)

野田正世、井尾英夫

R.Sugibayashi & T.Harumoto: "Defensive function of trichocysts in Paramecium against a variety of predatory protozoa." Zoological Science. 15 (Suppl.). 25 (1998)

杉林R

春本晃江、三宅章雄、石川直子、杉林里香、善福和貴、飯尾英夫: "Chemical Defense by Means of Pigmented Extrusomes in the Ciliate Blepharisma japonicum" Europ.J.Protistol.34. 458-470 (1998)

Akie Harumoto、Akio Miyake、Naoko Ishikawa、Rika Sugibayashi、Kazutaka Zenfuku、Hideo Iio：“日本纤毛虫 Blepharisma japonicum 中色素挤出体的化学防御”Europ.J.Protistol.34（1998）。

Teruo Harumoto: "Structure and function of exocytotic organelle trichocyst in Paramecium." Biological Science News.310. 16-23 (1997)

Teruo Harumoto：“草履虫胞吐细胞器毛囊的结构和功能。”