Effects of organic nitrogen and phosphorous on the selective growth of red tide flagellates in polluted seawaters.

有机氮、磷对污染海水中赤潮鞭毛虫选择性生长的影响

• 批准号: 09660202
• 负责人: NISHIJIMA Toshitaka
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: Kochi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09660202/
• 关键词: Skeletonema; Heterosigma; Gymnodinium; Red tide; Organic nitrogen; Organic phosphorous; Alkaline Phosphatase; Selection of species; 有機汚濁水域; 赤潮鞭毛藻; 選択的増殖; skeletonema; 最小細胞内窒素含量; 最小細胞内リン含量

Serious fish damages by red tides have persisted in coastal seawater in Japan. Preservating red tide outbreak is an important and urgent issue for fisheries in Japan. Present paper describes the utilization of organic nitrogen and phosphorous by red tide phytoplankters, and their effects of organic nitrogen and phosphorous on the growth and the domination of the phytoplankton species in polluted coastal seawaters.Red tide phytoplankters, Gymnodinium mikimotoi, Heterosigma akashiwo and Skeletonema costatum were found to use organic nitrogen and phosphorous compounds for their growth. But these species differed in potential utilization of the different organic compounds. For that matter, all of these species could use tryptophan and glutamic acid, while only G.mikimotoi could use urea as a nitrogen source. Similarly, G.mikimotoi and S.costatum, but not H.akashiwo, were found to use mono-phosphoric esters as a phosphorous source and to produce alkaline phosphatase. The enzyme activity was markedly high and enhanced under the phosphate-depleted conditions.The concentration of organic nitrogen and phosphorous in the polluted coastal waters was fairly high. In these waters, contrib utions of organic nitrogen and phosphorous to the growth of red tide phytoplankters were comparable to those of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous. The alkaline phosphatase hydrolyzable phosphorous constituted more than 30% of dissolved organic phosphorous contents in a polluted seawater. In nonwinter seasons when the alkaline phosphatase activities derived from algal cells increased, phytoplankters which could use organic phosphorous compounds dominated in the polluted coastal seawater.From the present study, it is revealed that potential utilization of organic nitrogen and phosphorous differs among red tide phytoplankton species, and that these differences could be reflected on the domination and/or succession of phytoplankton species in polluted seawaters.

赤潮对鱼类造成的严重破坏在日本沿海海水中持续存在。预防赤潮暴发是日本渔业面临的一个重要而紧迫的问题。本文研究了赤潮浮游植物对有机氮和磷的利用，以及有机氮和有机磷对受污染近岸海域浮游植物生长和优势的影响。赤潮浮游植物、赤潮裸藻、赤潮异弯藻和中肋骨条藻利用有机氮和磷化合物进行生长。但这些物种对不同有机化合物的潜在利用有所不同。在这一点上，所有这些物种都可以利用色氨酸和谷氨酸，而只有G.mikimotoi可以利用尿素作为氮源。类似地，研究发现G.mikimotoi和S.costatum，而不是H.akashiwo，使用单磷酸酯作为磷源并产生碱性磷酸酶。受污染的近岸海域有机氮和磷浓度较高，且在缺磷条件下酶活性明显升高。在这些水域中，有机氮和磷对赤潮浮游植物生长的影响与无机氮和磷相当。污染海水中碱性磷酸酶水解态磷占溶解有机磷含量的30%以上。在藻类细胞碱性磷酸酶活性升高的非冬季季节，受污染的近岸海域浮游植物主要利用有机磷化合物。研究表明，不同赤潮浮游植物对有机氮和磷的潜在利用存在差异，这种差异可以反映在受污染海域浮游植物的优势和/或演替上。

项目成果

西島敏隆 他4名: "広島湾現浅海水中に含まれるGymnatinium mikimotoiの利用可能有機態窒素・リンについて"平成10年度日本水産学会秋季大会(日本農学大会水産部会)講演要旨集. 124 (1998)

Toshitaka Nishijima等4人：“关于广岛湾当前浅海水中的Gymnatinium mikimotoi的有效有机氮和磷”1998年日本水产学会秋季会议摘要（日本农业会议渔业小组委员会）124（1998）。

Yamaguchi, H., T.Nishijima, H.Nishitani, K.Fukami, and M.Adachi: "Utilization of organic phosphorous compounds by some red tide phytoplankters."Abstracts for the Meeting of Chugoku-Shikoku Branch of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Science, May. 6 (1999)

Yamaguchi, H.、T.Nishijima、H.Nishitani、K.Fukami 和 M.Adachi：“一些赤潮浮游植物对有机磷化合物的利用。”日本水产学会中国四国分会会议摘要

Nishijima, T., T.Kojima, K.Fumami, M.Adachi, and H.Takayama: "Distribution of organic nitrogen and phosphorous using by Gymnodinium mikimotoi in the water of Hiroshima Bay"Abstracts for the Meeting of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Science, September 2

Nishijima, T., T.Kojima, K.Fumami, M.Adachi, 和 H.Takayama：“广岛湾水中 Gymnodinium mikimotoi 使用的有机氮和磷的分布”日本水产学会会议摘要

山口晴生,西島敏隆 他3名: "赤潮プランクトン数権の有機態リン利用能について"平成11年度日本水産学会中国・四国支部例会要旨集. 6 (1999)

Haruo Yamaguchi、Toshitaka Nishijima等3人：“关于赤潮浮游生物种群的有机磷利用能力”日本水产学会中国-四国分会1999年年会摘要6（1999）。

西島敏隆、小嶋竜也、深見公雄、足立真佐雄、高山晴義: "広島湾現場海水中に含まれるGymnodinium mikimotoiの利用可能有機態窒素・リンについて" 平成10年度日本水産学会(日本農学大会水産部会)講演要旨集. 124 (1998)

Toshitaka Nishijima、Tatsuya Kojima、Kimio Fukami、Masao Adachi、Haruyoshi Takayama：“关于广岛湾海水中含有的 Gymnodinium mikimotoi 的有效有机氮和磷”1998 年日本水产学会（日本农业会议水产部门）演讲摘要。 124 (1998)