GLONASS-R - A novel method of sensing the environment by means of navigation satellite signals

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The first year of the project was devoted to hard- and software development based on the principles of software-defined radio. A GLONASS-R prototype system has been developed with off-the-shelf components only. Although all signal processing has been implemented on the software side, real-time operation could be verified already in the first months of the project. After further optimization, bug-fixing and performance tests it was clear that I would be able to test the system earlier than anticipated. After a basic 48h conceptual test at our institute in Tokyo, it was decided to ship the system to the Onsala Space Observatory, Sweden, that has an operational GPS-based GNSS-R system. Over a period of two weeks in October 2013, GPS-based GNSS-R sea-level monitoring and measurements with the newly developed GLONASS-R system were carried out in parallel. In addition, data from co-located tide gauge measurements were available for comparison. With the data taken from the field experiment not only the feasibility of the GLONASS-R concept could be demonstrated, but it could be shown that for calm sea surface conditions, the GLONASS-R prototype can achieve an accuracy of about 1-2 cm, outperforming other GNSS-R systems at that site. A corresponding peer-reviewed paper has been published and cooperations for future experiments and validation campaigns could be established. However, as I moved to a new position abroad I returned the budget for the second year. Future collaboration with Japanese institutes will include the work carried out within this project.