Generation and Structure of Molecules in Extreme Conditions

最近，通过适当选择特殊条件，已经产生了许多具有独特性质的新分子物种;例子包括簇分子、自由基、分子离子和高激发分子。它们中的大多数不能用普通的化学合成方法来生产，并已被期望构成化学的一个新领域。在过去，对这些分子感兴趣的小组采用了非常不同的策略来研究它们，并且研究小组之间的合作非常有限，本项目的启动旨在鼓励研究小组之间的合作，并促进分子科学研究的新发展。选择了四个主题。1.电子激发态分子的产生和结构。新的方法被开发来研究激发态，这是很难或几乎不可能从基态与传统的方法访问。2.分子间碰撞产生的中间物种的结构和动力学。本计画包括应用高激发态原子产生团簇离子。3.瞬态分子、自由基和分子离子的产生和结构。不仅在气相中的瞬态物种，但也被认为是那些被困在惰性基质。4.星际空间和高层大气中分子的产生和结构。

A number of new molecular species with unique properties have recently been generated by proper choice of special conditions; examples include cluster molecules, free radicals, molecular ions, and highly-excited molecules. Most of them can not be produced by ordinary methods of chemical synthesis, and have been expected to constitute a new field of chemistry. In the past, groups which were interested in these molecules employed quite different strategies to study them, and collaboration among the research groups has been very much limited, The present project was started to encourage collaborations among the research groups and to induce new developments in researches of molecular science. Four themes have been selected. 1. Generation and structure of molecules in excited electronic states. New methods are developed to study excited states that are difficult or almost impossible to access from the ground state with conventional methods. 2. Structure and dynamics of intermediate species generated by intermolecular collisions. This project includes applications of highly-excited atoms to generation of cluster ions. 3. Generation and structure of transient molecules, free radicals, and molecular ions. Not only transient species in the gas phase, but also those trapped in inert matrices are considered. 4. Generation and Structure of molecules in interstellar space and upper atomosphere.